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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Darmen, 2e bachelor biomedische wetenschappen
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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Darmen 2e bachelor, 1e semester Biomedische wetenschappen
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lottehulselmans
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Gastro-intestinaal stelsel: dunne darm en dikke darmDunne darm
Dunne darm:
Twaalfvingerige darm (duodenum)
Nuchtere darm (jejunum)
Kronkeldarm (ileum)
Overgang pyloris – duodenum:
Verandering epitheel: éénlagig cilindrisch met slijmnapcellen naar epitheel duodenum
Tunica mucosa: pylorisklieren stoppen en gaan over in villi
Lamina muscularis mucosae (pyloris) loopt niet verder
Duodenum : instulpingen epitheel in lamina propria: crypten van Lieberkühn
Duodenum: tela submucosa: klieren van Brünner
3 niveaus van oppervlaktevergroting:
Plooien van Kerckring: x3
Villi intestinalis: x10
Microvilli: x20
Cellen darmepitheel (in mucosa)
Stamcellen
Cellen van Paneth: anti-microbieël
Absorberende cellen (entherocyt)
Slijmbekercellen
Enthero-endocriene cellen: grote diversiteit, grana basaal
Smaakreceptoren (bitter taste receptors) in de darmen -> verhinderen de inname van toxische
stoffen + nieuwe therapeutische werking om obesitas te voorkomen of behandelen: verminderen
voedselinname + vertragen lediging maag
Epitheel pancreas secreteert enterokinase -> activeert pro-enzymatisch vorm trypsine -> activeert
chymotrypsine
Functies cholecystokinine:
Lediging maag vertragen door in te werken op de pylorische sphincter
Stimuleert vrijkoming gal van da galblaas en secretie pancreatische enzymes
Lipidenresorptie door enterocyten: Vetten afbreken -> micellen vormen -> binden met eiwitten ->
verestheren -> triglyceriden vormen -> transporten onder vorm van chilomicroben
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