Class notes
College aantekeningen Deel 2: Clinical development and health psychology (7203BO48XY)
- Course
- Institution
This document contains the lecture notes for part 2: Health psychology.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
sachahofstee
Content preview
Current Topic: Health promotion and behavior changeWeek 5
Hoorcollege 2.1: evolution and development of health behavior
Learning objectives:
After this lecture, you’re able to:
● Explain why humans get depressed
● Explain the mismatch hypothesis of depression
● Explain health behavior from a functional and evolutionary perspective
● Apply hunter-gatherer knowledge to modern health issues
learning goal: Why do people get depressed, what is the function of depression, what is the
evolutionary background
Why do humans get depressed
*What is depression?
Depression in humans:
- feelings of sadness/emptiness
- no interest or pleasure in activities
- weight changes
- insomnia of hypersomnia
- agitation or retardation
- fatigue or loss of energie
- feeling of worthlessness
- poor concentration
- recurrent thoughts of death
-
*evolution and depression - why study it?
- depression is common
- high heritability (erfelijkheid)
, - people with depression get less children
- paradox: why did natural selection not eliminate depression from the population?
- review keller & miller, behave brain sciences
Prevalence of depression
- lifetime prevalence (USA) 19,2%
- lifetime prevalence (NL) 17.9%
- University students 30,6%
- persistent depressive disorder (USA) 4,7%
Conclusion: modern humans behave like captive apes
Solution
Do we all need to become hunters and gatherers again? (answered later on)
Heritability of depression
- heritability = 37%
- genome-wide association study: No SNPS achieved significance
What is the function of depression?
Why do humans get depressed
- cry for help
- reaction to losses
- seasonal - no activity in winter
- energy conservation
- rumination - solving problems
- association with inflammation/infections
- mismatch
,Unified model of depression
Mismatch hypothesis
We are not adapted to modern environments but to ancestral environments, this result is a
mismatch
Environment of evolutionary adaptedness
- savannah-like environment
- hunter-gatherer society
- nomadic lifestyle
- physical dangers
- high infant mortality
- food scarcity
, Hadza: food
- tubers
- berries
- meat
- baobab
- honey
Mismatch hypothesis: changes in:
- diet
- physical activity
- childrearing
- sunlight
- sleep
- social interactions
*Does depression result from a mismatch? How to test this hypothesis?
example 1:
- developing countries → less mismatch
- rich countries → more mismatch
- results:
Example 2:
- rural areas → less mismatch
- urban areas → more mismatch
- results urbanization
- high prevalence of diagnoses in stockholm, sweden, compared to swedish
rural areas:
- depression, anxiety, diabetes, hypertension, asthma
- review urbanization
- association between urbanization and depression, but many
confounding variables for example:
- poverty
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller sachahofstee. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.67. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53068 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now