Summary
Summary Nature of waves
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Unit 2 a level physics notes
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Youngs Double Slit Experiment Diffraction GProperties of waves: • diffraction (laser light = best) • light: use a gl
• Diffraction I =# slits /scratche
D
→ spreading out of waves •
distance as they pass through a gap or around obstacles.
between wavefront wavelength ≥ gap size = semicircles 180. 02
wavelength < gap size: less than 180. = little detraction disadvantages
10,
amplitude decreases the further waves spread. - hard to measure fringes as they
E.g Radio waves diffract around mountains are not clear
water waves diffract around rocks near shore. - sources like galaxies cannot be
If frequency ↑ wavelength ↓ as wavefronts are closer measured as not bright enough so fringes
so waves are less spread out 4180. can't be measured.
- Bright spots aren't clear advantages
• Interference • clear bright dots
→ waves from more than one source or waves travelling in NODES - 1/22 apart, no motion • clear fringes so m
same direction interfere. ANTI NODES- Y22 apart, at peak} a¼pa²rt) be accurate
→ amplitude may increase or cancel out. • larger distance fro
to measure.
2
= 1+2 Transverse waves
stationary waves
no peaks/ up
troughs • when 2 waves travelling in
opposite directions interfer and
• destructive interference = reflects upon itself. ↓ down
out of phase, ½ 2 apart, • the 2 waves have:
same amplitude • oscillates perpendicular
• constructive interference = direction of energy tra
→ in phase, n2 apart (integer no.)
same wavefront amplitud
2
• Phase difference (crest
→ the path difference of waves
½ 2 = out of phase
£ÉÉ dist
nd = in phase
coherence = same wave fronts,
constant path difference amplitude = highest displa
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