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AQA biopsychology notes
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, The Nervous systemThe nervous system
Consists of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
It has two main functions: to collect, process and respond to information in
the environment. To coordinate the working of different organs and cells in
the body
Central nervous system
Consists of the brain and the spinal cord and is the origin of all complex
commands and decisions. It passes messages to and from the brain and
connects nerves to the peripheral nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Sends information to the central nervous system from the outside world
using neurones, and transmits messages from the central nervous system
to muscles and glands in the body.
Somatic nervous system
Transmits information from receptor cells in the sense organs to the central
nervous system. It also receives information from the central nervous
system that directs muscles to act.
Autonomic nervous system
Transmits information to and from internal bodily organs. It is ‘automatic’
as the system operate involuntarily. It is made of two systems:
Sympathetic nervous system
Increases heart rate, or breathing rate. Dilate pupils, inhibits digestion and
saliva production. Contracts rectum.
Parasympathetic nervous system
Decreases heart rate or breathing rate. Constricts pupils. Stimulates
digestion and saliva production. Relaxes rectum.
, The nervous system
I
I I
Peripheral nervous system Central nervous system
I
Somatic Autonomous
nervous system Spinal cord Brain
nervous system
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
nervous system nervous system
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