100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Samenvatting psychiatrie voor de sociaal werker Tweede, herziende druk Hoofdstukken: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15 en 17. Voor OBB toets SPH $4.35   Add to cart

Summary

Samenvatting psychiatrie voor de sociaal werker Tweede, herziende druk Hoofdstukken: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15 en 17. Voor OBB toets SPH

12 reviews
 429 views  62 purchases
  • Course
  • Institution
  • Book

Samenvatting psychiatrie voor de sociaal werker Tweede, herziende druk Hoofdstukken: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15 en 17 Sociaal pedagogische hulpverlening leerjaar 3 Ondersteunen begeleiden behandelen (OBB)

Preview 10 out of 81  pages

  • No
  • Hoofdstukken: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15 en 17
  • December 4, 2018
  • 81
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary

12  reviews

review-writer-avatar

By: liliandelange • 11 months ago

review-writer-avatar

By: astridvl • 3 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: marielkats • 3 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: elseisabel • 3 year ago

Translated by Google

Fine summary, but there were too many notions, informative documents and a number of necessary pieces.

review-writer-avatar

By: kelseyvdv • 4 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: Siepman • 4 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: Welmoedx_ • 4 year ago

Show more reviews  
avatar-seller
Samenvatning psychiatrieng voorng deng sociaalng werker
Tweede, herziende druk
Hoofdstukken: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15 en 17
Sociaal pedagogische hulpverlening leerjaar 3
Vak: Ondersteunen begeleiden behandelen (OBB)ng




1

,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofstukng 1ng Hetng biopsychosocialeng model..........................................................................................10
1.1 Historisch perspectef.................................................................................................................10
1.1.1 op weg naar een biologische psychiatrie............................................................................10
1.1.2 opkomst van de psychologische benadering.......................................................................10
1.1.3 Opkomst van de sociale psychiatrie....................................................................................11
1.1.4 Na de tweede wereldoorlog: Drie invalshoeken.................................................................11
1.2 Biopsychosociale model: Herkomst en betekenis.......................................................................12
1.2.1 Typering van het biopsychosociale model..........................................................................12
1.2.2 Het biopsychosociale model als vorm van systeemtheorie.................................................12
1.2.3 Praktsche betekenis van het model van Engel...................................................................13
1.3 Het biopsychosociale model in de praktik: Diagnostek.............................................................13
1.3.1 Informateverzameling........................................................................................................13
1.3.2 Classifcate.........................................................................................................................14
1.3.3 Structuurdiagnose...............................................................................................................15
1.3.4 Stress-kwetsbaarheidsmodel in de praktik.........................................................................15
1.4 Het biopsychosociale model in de praktik: Behandeling en begeleiding...................................16
Hoofdstukng 3ng Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen........................................................................................17
3.2 Algemene gegevens over persoonliikheidsstoornissen...............................................................17
3.2.1 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................17
3.2.2 Verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................................................17
3.2.3 Diagnostek.........................................................................................................................17
3.2.4 Comorbiditeit......................................................................................................................18
3.2.5 Behandeling: ambulant, (deeltjd) klinisch en farmacotherapie.........................................18
3.2.6 Behandelresultaten en prognose........................................................................................18
3.3 Algemene uitgangspunten en sociaalpedagogische aspecten van behandeling bii
persoonliikheidsstoornissen.............................................................................................................19
3.4 Cluster-A-persoonliikheidsstoornissen.......................................................................................19
3.4.1 Algemene aspecten.............................................................................................................19
3.4.2 Paranoïde-persoonlijkheidsstoornis....................................................................................19
3.4.3 Schizoïde- persoonlijkheidsstoornis....................................................................................19
3.4.4 Schizotypische-persoonlijkheidsstoornis.............................................................................20
3.4.5 Benadering bij cluster A......................................................................................................20
3.4.6 Sociaal- pedagogische aandachtsgebieden cluster A..........................................................20
3.5 Cluster-B-persoonliikheidsstoornissen........................................................................................20
3.5.1 Algemene aspecten.............................................................................................................20
3.5.3 Narcistsche-persoonlijkheidsstoornis.................................................................................21
3.5.4 Histrionische persoonlijkheidsstoornis...............................................................................21
3.5.5 Antsociale-persoonlijkheidsstoornis..................................................................................22
3.5.6 Benadering bij cluster B......................................................................................................22
3.5.7 Sociaal- pedagogische aandachtsgebieden cluster B..........................................................22
3.6 Cluster-C-persoonliikheidsstoornissen........................................................................................23
3.6.2 Vermijdende-persoonlijkheidsstoornis...............................................................................23
3.6.3 Afankelijke-persoonlijkheidsstoornis................................................................................24
3.6.4 Dwangmatge-persoonlijkheidsstoornis..............................................................................24
3.6.5 Benadering bij cluster C......................................................................................................24
3.7 Andere gespecifceerde persoonliikheidsstoornis.......................................................................25
3.8 Ongespecifceerde persoonliikheidsstoornis...............................................................................25



2

,Hoofdstukng 4ng Aniststoornissenng enng obsessieveng compulsieveng stoornissen..........................................26
4.1 Angst en angststoornis...............................................................................................................26
4.2 DSM-5-classifcates van angststoornissen en obsessieve- compulsieve stoornissen.................26
4.3 Angststoornissen........................................................................................................................26
4.3.1 Paniekstoornis en agorafobie..............................................................................................26
4.3.2 Sociale- angststoornis (sociale fobie)..................................................................................26
4.3.3 gegeneraliseerde angststoornis..........................................................................................27
4.3.4 Specifeke fobie...................................................................................................................27
4.4 Epidemiologie van de angststoornissen.....................................................................................27
4.5 Verklaringsmodellen voor angststoornissen..............................................................................27
4.5.1 Erfelijke factoren.................................................................................................................27
4.5.2 Temperament.....................................................................................................................27
4.5.3 Psychologische factoren, opvoeding...................................................................................27
4.5.4 Levensgebeurtenissen.........................................................................................................27
4.5.5 Neurobiologische factoren..................................................................................................28
4.6 Vragenliisten..............................................................................................................................28
4.7 Behandeling van angststoornissen.............................................................................................28
4.7.1 Medicate............................................................................................................................28
4.7.3 Psychologische behandeling...............................................................................................28
4.7.3 Behandelingssetng............................................................................................................28
4.8 Obsessieve- compulsieve en verwante stoornissen....................................................................29
4.8.1 Obsessieve- compulsieve stoornis......................................................................................29
4.8.2 Morfodysfore stoornis........................................................................................................29
2.8.3 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................29
2.8.4 Verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................................................29
4.8.6 Behandeling........................................................................................................................30
4.8.7 Medicate............................................................................................................................30
4.8.8 Cogniteve gedragstherapie................................................................................................30
4.8.9 Behandelsetng..................................................................................................................30
4.9 Angststoornissen door een middel of door een somatsche aandoening...................................30
4.9.1 Angststoornissen door gebruik van een middel..................................................................30
4.9.2 Angststoornis door een somatsche aandoening................................................................30
4.10 De rol van de sociaal werker in de behandeling.......................................................................30
4.11 Cogniteve gedragstherapie.....................................................................................................31
4.12 De gedragstherapeutsche relate............................................................................................31
4.13 Begeleiding en gedragstherapeutsche behandeling bii cliënten met een angststoornis.........31
4.13.1 Uitleg geven over behandeling en stoornis.......................................................................31
4.13.2 Inventarisate van klachten...............................................................................................31
4.13.3 Exposure en responsprevente..........................................................................................31
4.13.15 Taakconcentrate............................................................................................................32
4.13.6 Socialevaardigheidstraining..............................................................................................32
4.13.7 Ontspanningsoefeningen..................................................................................................32
4.13.8 Cogniteve therapie...........................................................................................................32
4.13.9 Terugvalpreventeplan......................................................................................................32
4.14 Dwangstoornissen....................................................................................................................32
4.14.1 Bejegening van en omgang met cliënten met dwangstoornis..........................................32
4.14.2 Dagbehandeling voor cliënten met een dwangstoornis....................................................32
4.14.3 Onderdelen van behandeling............................................................................................32
4.14.4 Maatschappelijke gevolgen van dwang............................................................................33
4.15 Begeleiding bii angststoornis en/of obsessieve compulsieve stoornis op een niet-
specialistsche afdeling....................................................................................................................33



3

,Hoofdstukng 5ng Stress,ng traumang enng dissociate.......................................................................................34
5.1 Classifcate................................................................................................................................34
5.1.1 De relate stress-prestate voor hulpverleners....................................................................34
5.2 De fysiologie van stress en trauma.............................................................................................34
5.2.1 De initële stressreacte.......................................................................................................34
5.2.2 Hiërarchische reeks reactes...............................................................................................34
5.2.3 Systemen in het lichaam bij stress......................................................................................35
5.3 Acute stressstoornis en postraumatsche stressstoornis...........................................................37
5.3.1 Beschrijving.........................................................................................................................37
5.3.2 Prevalente..........................................................................................................................37
5.3.3 Predisposite........................................................................................................................37
5.3.4 Comorbiditeit......................................................................................................................37
5.3.5 Indelingscriteria..................................................................................................................37
5.4 Verklaringsmodellen..................................................................................................................38
5.4.1 Het biologische model.........................................................................................................38
5.4.2 Het neuropsychologische model.........................................................................................38
5.4.3 Het cogniteve model..........................................................................................................38
5.5 Diagnostek................................................................................................................................38
5.6 Behandeling...............................................................................................................................39
5.6.1 Veerkracht...........................................................................................................................39
5.6.2 Behandelen conform de richtlijn.........................................................................................39
5.6.3 Psychotherapie...................................................................................................................39
5.7 Steunend-structurerende interventes........................................................................................40
5.7.1 De relate.............................................................................................................................40
5.7.2 Fasering van interventes....................................................................................................40
5.8 Dissociateve stoornissen...........................................................................................................40
5.8.1 Beschrijving.........................................................................................................................41
5.8.2 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................41
5.8.3 Diagnostek.........................................................................................................................42
5.8.4 Theoretsch karakter...........................................................................................................42
5.8.5 Behandeling........................................................................................................................42
Hoofdstukng 6ng Stemminisstoornissen................................................................................................44
6.1 DSM-5-classifcate van stemmingsstoornissen..........................................................................44
6.2 Disrupteve stemmingsdisregulatestoornis...............................................................................44
6.3 Depressieve stoornis..................................................................................................................44
6.3.1 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................44
6.3.2 Verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................................................44
6.3.3 Diagnostek.........................................................................................................................45
6.3.4 Behandeling........................................................................................................................45
6.3.5 Bejegening van/omgang met cliënten met een depressieve-stemmingsstoornis...............46
6.3.6 Begeleiden van cliënten met depressieve-stemmingsstoornis...........................................47
6.3.7 Suïcidaliteit bij de cliënt met een depressieve-stemmingsstoornis.....................................47
6.4 Persisterende depressieve stoornis (dysthymie).........................................................................48
6.4.1 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................48
6.4.2 Verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................................................48
6.4.3 Diagnostek.........................................................................................................................48
6.4.4 Behandeling........................................................................................................................48
6.5 Premenstruele stemmingsstoornis.............................................................................................48
6.5.1 Oorzaken.............................................................................................................................49
6.5.2 Behandeling........................................................................................................................49
6.6 Bipolaire stoornis.......................................................................................................................49


4

, 6.6.1 Manie..................................................................................................................................49
6.6.2 Hypomanie..........................................................................................................................49
6.6.3 Episode met gemengde kenmerken....................................................................................49
6.6.4 Bipolaire-I-stoornis en bipolaire-II-stoornis.........................................................................49
6.6.5 Specifcates........................................................................................................................49
6.6.6 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................49
6.6.7 Verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................................................50
6.6.8 Diagnostek.........................................................................................................................50
6.6.9 Behandeling........................................................................................................................50
6.6.10 Bejegening van/omgang met cliënten met een bipolaire stoornis....................................50
6.7 Cyclothyme stoornis...................................................................................................................50
6.7.1 Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................51
6.7.2 Verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................................................51
5.7.3 Diagnostek.........................................................................................................................51
5.7.4 Behandeling........................................................................................................................51
Hoofdstukng 7ng Schizofreniespectrum-ng enng andereng psychotscheng stoornissen........................................52
7.1 historie en terminologie.............................................................................................................52
7.1.1 Historie................................................................................................................................52
7.1.2 Wat is een psychose............................................................................................................52
7.1.3 Schizofrenie in de DSM-5....................................................................................................52
7.1.4 Hoe vaak komen psychosen en schizofrenie voor?.............................................................53
7.2 Mogeliike oorzaken van schizofrenie.........................................................................................53
7.2.1 Biologische factoren............................................................................................................53
7.2.2 Omgevingsfactoren.............................................................................................................54
7.3 Diagnostek................................................................................................................................54
7.3.1 Onderzoek bij psychotsche stoornissen.............................................................................54
7.3.2 Comorbiditeit......................................................................................................................54
7.4 Gevolgen van psychose..............................................................................................................54
7.4.1 Controleverlies....................................................................................................................54
7.4.2 Functonele cogniteve problemen......................................................................................54
7.4.3 Emotonele afvlakking.........................................................................................................54
7.4.4 Sociale cogniteve problemen.............................................................................................54
7.4.5 Depressieve-stemmingsklachten........................................................................................54
7.4.6 Angst, agitate en agressie..................................................................................................54
7.4.8 Verliezen van vaardigheden................................................................................................55
7.4.9 Stgmatsering.....................................................................................................................55
7.5 Visies op zorg bii psychotsche stoornissen................................................................................55
7.5.1 Biologische benadering.......................................................................................................55
7.5.2 Ziektemodel of invaliditeitsmodel.......................................................................................55
7.5.3 Rehabilitate........................................................................................................................55
7.5.4 Recovery of herstel.............................................................................................................55
7.5.5 Systeemgerichte benadering..............................................................................................55
7.5.6 Kwetsbaarheid-stress-coping model...................................................................................56
7.6 Behandeling met medicate.......................................................................................................56
7.6.1 Antpsychotca.....................................................................................................................56
7.6.2 Rol van sociaal werker bij farmacotherapie........................................................................56
7.7 Elektroconvulsietherapie (ECT) en repetteve transcraniële magnetsche stmulate (rTMS).....56
7.8 Intensieve thuiszorg...................................................................................................................56
7.8.1 Multdisciplinair team.........................................................................................................56
7.8.2 Zorgwekkende zorgmijders.................................................................................................57
7.9 Begeleiding van cliënt en familieleden.......................................................................................57


5

, 7.9.1 Het eerste contact...............................................................................................................57
7.9.2 Stabilisate...........................................................................................................................57
7.9.3 Integrate.............................................................................................................................57
7.9.4 Zelfstandigheid bevorderen................................................................................................57
7.9.5 systeemgerichte zorg in brede context...............................................................................57
7.10 Psycho- educate......................................................................................................................57
7.11 Psychotherapeutsche behandeling..........................................................................................57
7.11.1 cogniteve gedragstherapie (CGT).....................................................................................57
7.11.2 Metacogniteve training....................................................................................................58
7.12 Sociale interventes..................................................................................................................58
7.12.1 Arbeidsrehabilitate...........................................................................................................58
7.12.2 Sociale vaardigheidstraining.............................................................................................58
7.13 Terugvalprevalente en voorkomen van crisis..........................................................................58
7.14 Crisisintervente........................................................................................................................58
7.15 Specifeke aandachtspunten voor begeleiding door de sociaal werker....................................58
7.15.1 Belang van de context.......................................................................................................58
7.15.2 Transmurale werkwijze.....................................................................................................59
7.15.3 Herstel ondersteunende zorg............................................................................................59
7.15.4 Bestrijden van stgma........................................................................................................59
Hoofdstukng 8ng Eetstoornissen.............................................................................................................60
8.1 Eetstoornis als psychiatrische aandoening.................................................................................60
8.2 Symptomen van eetstoornissen.................................................................................................60
8.2.1 Gewicht...............................................................................................................................60
8.2.2 Betekenis en beleving van fguur en gewicht......................................................................60
8.2.3 Lichaamsbeeld....................................................................................................................60
8.2.4 Voedselbeperking...............................................................................................................60
8.2.5 Eetbuien..............................................................................................................................60
8.2.6 Maatregelen om gewicht onder controle te houden..........................................................60
8.2.7 Menstruate........................................................................................................................60
8.2.8 DSM-5-Classifcate van eetstoornissen..............................................................................60
8.3 Epidemiologie.............................................................................................................................61
8.4 Risicofactoren............................................................................................................................61
8.5 Verklaringsmodellen..................................................................................................................61
8.5.1 Verklaring vanuit lichamelijke ontwikkeling........................................................................61
8.5.2 Sociale verklaring................................................................................................................61
8.5.3 Psychologische verklaring...................................................................................................61
8.5.4 Fysiologische verklaring......................................................................................................61
8.5.5 Genetsche verklaring..........................................................................................................62
8.5.6 Gecombineerde verklaring..................................................................................................62
8.6 Comorbiditeit.............................................................................................................................62
8.7 Behandeling...............................................................................................................................62
8.7.1 Motvate.............................................................................................................................62
8.7.2 Tweesporenbeleid in behandeling......................................................................................62
8.7.3 Opname..............................................................................................................................63
8.7.4 Cogniteve gedragstherapie (CGT).......................................................................................63
8.7.5 Systeemtheorie...................................................................................................................63
8.8 Prognose en beloop....................................................................................................................63
Hoofdstukng 9ng Beieleidining enng behandelining bijng verslavinisproblematek............................................64
9.1 Verslaving: complex fenomeen..................................................................................................64
9.2 Verslaving en verslavingszorg....................................................................................................64
9.2.1 Verslavende middelen........................................................................................................64


6

, 9.2.2 Gedragsverslavingen...........................................................................................................64
9.3 Comorbiditeit.............................................................................................................................64
9.3.1 Polydrugsgebruik................................................................................................................64
9.3.2 Dubbele diagnose...............................................................................................................64
9.3.3 Chronisch verslaafden.........................................................................................................64
9.3.4 Somatsche complicates.....................................................................................................65
9.3.5 Juridische kaders bij behandeling.......................................................................................65
9.4 Diagnostek en indicatestelling..................................................................................................65
9.4.1 Verslavingsdriehoek............................................................................................................65
9.4.2 MATE-instrument, stagering en proflering.........................................................................65
9.5 Behandeling...............................................................................................................................65
9.5.1 Remoralisate, remediate, rehabilitate, recovery: de vier R’s............................................65
9.5.2 Behandelingsmogelijkheden...............................................................................................65
9.6 De sociaal werker in de verslavingszorg.....................................................................................66
9.6.1 Bejegening en motvate.....................................................................................................66
9.6.2 Terugval..............................................................................................................................66
9.6.3 De rol van sociaal werker bij intoxicate..............................................................................67
9.6.4 Interventes van de sociaal werker bij detoxifcate van middelen......................................67
9.6.5 Taken van de sociaal werker bij opiaatonderhoudsbehandeling........................................67
9.6.6 Begeleiding/casemanagement bij chronisch verslaafden...................................................67
Hoofdstukng 10ng Neurocoiniteveng stoornissen.....................................................................................69
10.1 Delier........................................................................................................................................69
10.1.1 Beschrijving.......................................................................................................................69
10.1.2 Epidemiologie van delier...................................................................................................69
10.1.3 Risicofactoren...................................................................................................................69
10.1.4 Verklaringsmodel..............................................................................................................69
10.1.5 Diagnostek.......................................................................................................................70
10.1.6 Behandeling......................................................................................................................70
10.2 Uitgebreide en beperkte neurocogniteve stoornis...................................................................70
10.2.2 Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................70
10.3 Uitgebreide of beperkte neurocogniteve stoornis door ziekte van Alzheimer.........................70
10.3.1 Beschrijving.......................................................................................................................70
10.3.2 Bijkomende neuro psychiatrische symptomen.................................................................71
10.3.3 Beloop...............................................................................................................................71
10.3.4 Pathogenese van de ziekte van Alzheimer........................................................................71
10.3.5 Diagnostek bij verdenking op de ziekte van Alzheimer....................................................71
10.3.6 Behandeling bij de ziekte van Alzheimer...........................................................................72
10.4 Vasculaire neurocogniteve stoornis.........................................................................................72
10.4.1 Het onderliggende ziekteproces.......................................................................................72
10.4.2 Risicofactoren...................................................................................................................72
10.4.3 Diagnostek.......................................................................................................................72
10.4.4 Therapie............................................................................................................................73
10.5 Fronto-temporale neurocogniteve stoornis.............................................................................73
10.5.1 Symptomen.......................................................................................................................73
10.5.2 Oorzaken...........................................................................................................................73
10.5.3 Diagnostek.......................................................................................................................73
10.5.4 Therapie............................................................................................................................73
10.6 Neurocogniteve stoornis met lewylichaampies.......................................................................73
10.6.1 Symptomen.......................................................................................................................73
10.6.2 Diagnostek.......................................................................................................................73
10.6.3 Therapie............................................................................................................................73


7

, 10.7 Amnestsche stoornissen..........................................................................................................74
10.7.1 Beschrijving.......................................................................................................................74
10.7.2 Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................74
10.7.3 Symptomen.......................................................................................................................74
10.7.4 Verklaringsmodel..............................................................................................................74
10.7.5 Diagnostek.......................................................................................................................74
10.7.6 Behandeling......................................................................................................................74
10.8 Mild cogniteve impairment (MCI)...........................................................................................74
10.9 Niet- aangeboren hersenletsel (NAH).......................................................................................74
10.9.1 Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................74
10.9.2 Diagnostek.......................................................................................................................74
10.9.3 Therapie............................................................................................................................74
Hoofdstukng 15ng ouderenng psychiatrie...................................................................................................76
15.1 Sub specialisme ouderenpsychiatrie.........................................................................................76
15.2 Veranderingen bii ouderen.......................................................................................................76
15.2.1 Leefijdsgrenzen................................................................................................................76
15.2.2 Biologische veranderingen................................................................................................76
15.2.3 Psychologische en sociale veranderingen.........................................................................76
15.2.4 Wisselwerking...................................................................................................................76
15.3 Psychiatrische problematek bii ouderen..................................................................................76
15.3.1 Gerontopsychiatrie versus psychogeriatrie.......................................................................76
15.3.2 Persoonlijkheid problematek...........................................................................................77
15.3.3 Psychosociale problematek..............................................................................................77
15.3.4 Systeemproblematek.......................................................................................................77
15.4 Demografsche gegevens.........................................................................................................77
15.5 Hulpvragen...............................................................................................................................77
15.6 Behandelen..............................................................................................................................77
15.7 Basale uitgangspunten, attude en beiegening.......................................................................77
15.8 Toegankeliikheid van GGZ voor ouderen..................................................................................77
15.9 Conclusie..................................................................................................................................77
Hoofdstukng 17ng Verstandelijkeng beperkining enng psychiatrie....................................................................78
17.1 Geschiedenis............................................................................................................................78
17.2 Herkennen van en verstandeliike beperking............................................................................78
17.3 Classifcate van verstandeliike beperking................................................................................78
17.4 Diagnostek van verstandeliike beperking................................................................................78
17.4.1 Intelligenteeuotënt (II)..................................................................................................78
17.4.2 het sociale aanpassingsvermogen.....................................................................................78
17.6 Gedragsproblemen...................................................................................................................79
17.7 Psychiatrische aandoeningen...................................................................................................79
17.7.1 Autsmespectrumstoornissen...........................................................................................79
17.7.2 Psychotsche stoornissen..................................................................................................79
17.7.3 Stemmingsstoornissen......................................................................................................79
17.7.4 Angststoornissen...............................................................................................................79
17.7.5 Somatsch-symptoomstoornis en verwante stoornis........................................................79
17.7.6 ADHD.................................................................................................................................79
17.7.7 Middelen gerelateerde en verslavingsstoornissen............................................................79
17.7.8 Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen..............................................................................................79
17.8 Suïcidaliteit...............................................................................................................................80
17.9 Behandelingen.........................................................................................................................80
17.9.1 Psychotherapie.................................................................................................................80
17.9.2 Farmacotherapie...............................................................................................................80


8

,17.10 Sociaal-pedagogische hulpverlening, behandeling en begeleiding........................................80
17.10.2 Bejegening van en omgang met cliënten met een psychiatrische stoornis en een
verstandelijke beperking..............................................................................................................80
17.10.2 Competentegerichte zorg...............................................................................................81




9

, Hoofstuk 1 Het biopsychosociale model
1.1 Historisch perspectief
1.1.1 op weg naar een biologische psychiatrie
De psychiatrie is het medisch specialisme dat zich bezighoudt met de behandeling van psychiatrische
ziekten.

In de tjd van de oudheid en middeleeuwen waren er uiteenlopende visies op ggek gedrag’. Er werd
vaak gezocht naar een oorzaak in een lichamelijke aandoening. Ook werd het in verband gebracht
met bezetenheid door de duivel, of als behekst.

Eind 14e eeuw werden onhandelbare psychiatrische patënten ondergebracht in gDolhuizen’ of
gzinneloos huizen’. Er was geen spraken van behandeling. Zij werden opgesloten en uitgestoten van
de maatschappij.

18e eeuw: De twee de helf van de 18 e eeuw kwam er een verandering. De voortrekkers hierin
hadden humanitaire moteven. Zij wilde patënten menselijk behandelen en heropvoeden.

De bekendste persoon in deze beweging is Philippe Pinel (1745-1826). Hij onderscheidde
gkrankzinnige’ van andere gonmaatschappelijke’; en nam ze op in wat nu een psychiatrisch ziekenhuis
heet. Zijn daad wordt gezien als de grondslag van de moderne psychiatrie.

19e-20e eeuw: De pasgeboren psychiatrie was vooral inrichtngspsychiatrie. Er kwamen meer artsen
op de werkvloer en er werd gestreefd naar behandeling. gGeestenziekten zijn hersenziekten’. Er werd
pathologisch- anatomisch onderzoek gedaan naar hersenen na de dood. Dit was een goede methode,
op deze manier ontdekte zij neurologische hersenziekten en afwijkingen door infectes of vitamines.

Vanaf toen zocht men naar een relate tussen een aantoonbare hersenafwijking en een psychische
stoornis. Psychiatrie werd daarin benaderd volgens een monocausaal biomedisch model.

1.1.2 opkomst van de psychologische benadering
De biomedische benadering bleek beperkingen te hebben. Demente was te zien in de hersenen,
maar depressie en schizofrenie bijvoorbeeld niet; Hierbij is er geen afwijking/infecte in de hersenen
te zien. Emil Kraepelin en Sigmund Freud hadden nieuwe benaderingen.

Kraepelinng
Kraepelin legde de nadruk op het belang van een nauwkeurige beschrijving van het klinische beeld en
het beloop op langere termijn van de psychische ziekten. Dit legde hij vast van alle patënten in zijn
kliniek. Hij vond de relate tussen stoornissen in de hersenfuncte en gedragsstoornissen. Er is wel
een relate tussen hersenafwijkingen en gedrag, maar die zit niet zo simpel in elkaar als bij gewone
neurologische ziekten. Psychiatrie was voor Kraepelin iets anders dan neurologie. Hierom noemde hij
zichzelf Psychiater.

Freud
Freud begon als gNeuroloog’. Hij liep vast in de behandeling van patënten met onverklaarbare
neurologische klachten (klachten waarbij geen lichamelijke afwijkingen werden gevonden)
“Hysterie”. Het ging hier niet zoals bij Kraepelin om opgenomen, klinische, maar ambulante en
lichtere patënten.




10

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller aleida1996. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $4.35. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$4.35  62x  sold
  • (12)
  Add to cart