JBL EMT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

JBL EMT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ___________ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressures. Select one: A. Oncotic B. Osmotic C. Diffusion D. Hydrostatic - ANSWER-D. Hydrostatic .A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents. B. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. C. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. D. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. - ANSWER-B. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. .A 29-year-old male complains of a severe headache and nausea that has gradually worsened over the past 12 hours. He is conscious, alert, and oriented and tells you that his physician diagnosed him with migraine headaches. He further tells you that he has taken numerous different medications, but none of them seems to help. His blood pressure is 132/74 mm Hg, his pulse is 110 beats/min and strong, and his respirations are 20 breaths/min. Treatment should include: Select one: A. dimming the lights in the back of the ambulance and transporting without lights and siren. B. placing him in a supine position and transporting with lights and siren to a stroke center. C. assisting him with his migraine medication and transporting without lights and siren. D. applying warm compresses to the back of his neck and transporting with lights and siren. - ANSWER-A. dimming the lights in the back of the ambulance and transporting without lights and siren. .A 30-year-old male experienced a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure, which stopped before you arrived at the scene. The patient is conscious, is answering your questions appropriately, and refuses EMS transport. Which of the following would be the MOST compelling reason to disagree with his refusal of transport? Select one: A. His wife states that this was his "usual" seizure. B. He has experienced seizures since he was 20. C. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is 15. D. He is currently not prescribed any medications. - ANSWER-D. He is currently not prescribed any medications. .A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should: Select one: A. reassess the patient and document her response to the medication. B. administer another treatment in 30 seconds if she is still in distress. C. contact medical control and apprise him or her of what you did. D. check the drug's expiration date to ensure that it is still current. - ANSWER-A. reassess the patient and document her response to the medication. .A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should: Select one: A. assess the adequacy of his respirations. B. administer up to 324 mg of baby aspirin. C. administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin. D. obtain vital signs and a SAMPLE history. - ANSWER-A. assess the adequacy of his respirations. .A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should: Select one: A. assess the adequacy of his respirations. B. obtain vital signs and a SAMPLE history. C. administer up to 324 mg of baby aspirin. D. administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin. - ANSWER-A. assess the adequacy of his respirations. .A 56-year-old female is found supine in a narrow hallway of her mobile home. She complains of severe weakness and dizziness, and states that she is unable to walk. There is no evidence of trauma, and the patient states that she did not fall. How should you and your partner move this patient to a more spacious area? Select one: A. Extremity lift B. Direct carry C. Scoop stretcher D. Emergency move - ANSWER-A. Extremity lift .A 58-year-old male presents with confusion, right-sided weakness, and slurred speech. His airway is patent, and his breathing is adequate. His wife is present and is very upset. Which of the following has the MOST immediately priority? Select one: A. Obtaining a complete set of baseline vital signs B. Administering glucose to rule out hypoglycemia C. Asking his wife when she noticed the symptoms D. Documenting all of his current medications - ANSWER-C. Asking his wife when she noticed the symptoms .A 62-year-old male is seen with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen, if needed, and contacting medical control, you should: Select one: A. assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. B. administer the nitroglycerin unless he has taken Viagra within the past 72 hours. C. begin immediate transport and request a rendezvous with a paramedic unit. D. administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin before assessing his blood pressure. - ANSWER-A. assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. .A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to being noncompliant with her antihypertensive medications. When you assess her, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm than it is in her right arm. What do these signs and symptoms MOST likely indicate? Select one: A. Unstable angina B. Hypertensive emergency C. Acute myocardial infarction D. Dissecting aortic aneurysm - ANSWER-D. Dissecting aortic aneurysm .A 67-year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should: Select one: A. defibrillate with the AED while continuing transport to the hospital. B. stop the ambulance, begin CPR, and attach the AED as soon as possible. C. perform CPR for 1 to 2 minutes and then analyze her rhythm with an AED. D. alert the receiving hospital and perform CPR for the duration of the transport. - ANSWER-B. stop the ambulance, begin CPR, and attach the AED as soon as possible. .A critical aspect of the rapid extrication technique is to: Select one: A. extricate the patient with one coordinated move. B. apply a vest-style device before moving the patient. C. maintain stabilization of the spine at all times. D. move the patient as quickly as you possibly can. - ANSWER-C. maintain stabilization of the spine at all times. .A patient lacerated the dorsal aspect of his hand. This means that the injury is: Select one: A. proximal to the fingers. B. closer to the wrist. C. on the side of the hand. D. on the back of the hand. - ANSWER-D. on the back of the hand. .A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which of the following conditions should you suspect that he has experienced? Select one: A. Acute myocardial infarction B. Obstructive lung disease C. Thoracic aortic aneurysm D. Uncontrolled hypertension - ANSWER-A. Acute myocardial infarction .A patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) tells you that the device's pump flow is continuous. Which of the following should you expect to encounter during your assessment? Select one: A. Absence of a palpable pulse B. Distention of the jugular veins C. High systolic blood pressure D. Low diastolic blood pressure - ANSWER-A. Absence of a palpable pulse .A patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) tells you that the device's pump flow is continuous. Which of the following should you expect to encounter during your assessment? Select one: A. Distention of the jugular veins B. Low diastolic blood pressure C. Absence of a palpable pulse D. High systolic blood pressure - ANSWER-C. Absence of a palpable pulse .A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemic myocardium by: Select one: A. scraping fatty deposits off of the lumen of the coronary artery. B. bypassing the coronary artery with a vessel from the chest or leg. C. placing a stent inside the coronary artery to keep it from narrowing. D. dilating the affected coronary artery with a small inflatable balloon. - ANSWER-D. dilating the affected coronary artery with a small inflatable balloon. .A person's bones will become brittle if he or she is deficient in: Select one: A. magnesium. B. sodium. C. potassium. D. calcium. - ANSWER-D. calcium. .A sign of respiratory distress seen in the neck is: Select one: A. accessory muscle use. B. muscular twitches. C. muscular definition. D. muscular atrophy. - ANSWER-A. accessory muscle use. .A woman amputated the tip of her finger. Which directional term should be used to describe her injury location? Select one: A. Lateral B. Distal C. Superior D. Medial - ANSWER-B. Distal .A young female is unconscious after intentionally ingesting a large amount of aspirin. You will MOST likely find her respirations: Select one: A. slow and deep. B. rapid and shallow. C. slow and shallow. D. deep and rapid. - ANSWER-D. deep and rapid.