Complete Summary- Child Abuse and Neglect (6475ABUSEY)
76 views 10 purchases
Module
Child Abuse and Neglect (6475ABUSEY)
Institution
Universiteit Leiden (UL)
De complete samenvatting met al het materiaal voor het vak 'Child Abuse and Neglect'. Inclusief alle hoorcolleges and artikelen.
Complete summary of all the literature and lectures of the course 'Child Abuse and Neglect'
Child abuse – College 1 – Introduction and consequences
Information about the course
- Exam material: All literature in the syllabus, lecture slides
- Exam: 3 Open ended questions and 20 multiple-choice
How many families are we talking about?
- Nederland:
• 4-16% Physical abuse.
• 10% Neglect/Emotional abuse
• 5-10 % Sexual abuse
- Tip of the iceberg. These are the kids you are sure of, but many children are
undetected
- Nederland vs. worldwide. Hard to measure because of cultural differences
- Source? Official records? Parent/teacher/professional/child report?
Grey areas:
- Vegan diet for young children / Other strict diets
- Obesity
- Cultural differences
Statements
1. Non-accidental burning a child is an example of physical abuse.
→ True.
2. Not taking a child to the doctor when he/she needs to is an example of emotional
abuse
→Not true. It is emotional neglect. It is not physical neglect (not giving food/shelter).
It is medical neglect.
3. Drunk driving by the parent (with the child in the same care) is an example of physical
neglect.
→ True. The parent is depriving the child of a safe environment.
4. Locking a child in a room is an example of emotional neglect
ACE-study (Vincent Felitti)
- Focus: Study naar obesity, weight and At-first Childhood Experiences (ACE)
- CAN is related to any aspects of physical and mental health
- Cumulative effect (more types of CAN more chance)
- ACEs:
→ Psychological abuse
→ Physical abuse
→ Sexual abuse
→ Substance abuse in household
→ Mental illness in household
Aces are related to:
- Physical and mental health
- Social development
- Educational outcomes
- Child’s developing brain structure
- Neuroendocrine system
PCEs (Positive Childhood Experiences) (Hinojosa)
- Large sample: 22.628 aged 6-17
- National Survey of Childrens Health – Parent report
- Mental health disorders
- Added ACEs:
→ Divorce, discrimination, sibling violence
- PCEs:
→ Supportive relationships (family communication, mentorship
→ Safe, stable environment (neighborhood safety and support)
→ Opportunities for constructive social engagement (sport, other lessons/activities)
-
→ Moderation effect of PCEs on ACEs and mental health disorders
- Critical view:
→ Parent reports. Are they trustworthy?
, → Causality?
→ Other PCEs?
CAN subtypes and health – Clemens
- Random selection of households
- N = 2510. Mean age = 48,4
- Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ)
- Results: zie table (slides of article)
- Sexual abuse is the only type of maltreatment that was not related to áll diseases
- Critical view:
→ M age: 48. Retrospective design?
→ One questionnaire. Is that enough?
→ Mechanisms? Biological: HPA axis dysregulation, chronic inflammatory processes,
socioeconomic, behavioral
MUSP – Stratheam
- Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (longitudinal study of 40 year)
- 14 years (5200) and 21 years (3778)
- Self-reports and cognitive testing
- Substantiated maltreatment
- 46 outcomes:
→ Cognition and education
→ Psychological and mental health
→ Addiction & substance abuse
→ Sexual health
→ Physical health
- Outcomes:
→ Lower cognitive scores
→ Negative education/employment outcomes
→ Mental health problems
→ Substance abuse and addiction
→ Sexual health problems
→ Physical health problems
→ Emotional abuse and neglect most associations
- Critical view
→ Selfreports?
→ Only 7% experiences CAN
Childhood maltreatment and obesity – Tan
- 44 data sets from 41 studies
- 190.000 participants
- Maltreated individuals more likely to be obese
- Critical view
→ Causality? Are obese children more likely to be maltreated? Maltreatment →
depression → Obesity?
→ Association nonsignificant for children
, → Childhood maltreatment associated with progressive increase of body mass over
time, after maltreatment occurred.
Study question:
1. What could be a problem with retrospective studies about the consequences of CAN?
2. What is the meta-analytic evidence for long-term consequences of child maltreatment?
3. What do we consider as Can and which types do we distinguish?-
4. Explain the following sentence: ACEs have a cumulative effect on the development of
psychological and physical problems
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller malonwong. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.04. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
