Baer Wolf Ridley published "Some Current Dimensions of ABA"
2). Aba
Ans: The science in which tactics derived from the principles of behavior are applied
to improve socially significant behavior and experimentation is used to identify the
variables responsible for the improvement in behavior.
3). Behavior
Ans: the activity of living organisms, includes everything that people do and say.
4). Behaviorism
Ans: the philosophy of the science of behavior
5). Controlling variable
Ans: The environmental events (antecedents and consequences) that influence the
probability of a particular behavior.
6). Covert behavior
Ans: Behavior that is not observable to others.
7). Determinism (attitude of science)
Ans: the assumption that the universe if a lawful and orderly place in which
phenomena occur in relation to other events and not in a willy nilly accidental fashion
8). Discriminated operant
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, Ans: An operant that occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than
under others.
9). Empiricism (attitude of science)
Ans: The objective observation of the phenomena of interest
10). Environment
Ans: The conglomerate of real circumstances in which the organism or referenced
part of the organism exists
**Behavior cannot occur in the absence of an environment.
11). Environmental variables
Ans: Variables that are relevant to describing the stimulus environment.
**These can include people and items present.
12). Experiment
Ans: a carefully controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of
interest under two or more different conditions in which only one factor at a time differs
from one condition to another
13). Experimental analysis of behavior (eab)
Ans: a natural science approach to the study of behavior as a subject matter in its
own right founded by B.F.Skinner
**methodological features include rate of response as a basic dependent vairable,
repeated or continuous measurement of clearly defined response classes, within-subject
experimental comparisons instead of group design, visual analysis of graphed data
instead of statistical inference, and an emphasis on describing functional relations
between behavior and controlling variables in the environment over formal theory testing
14). Explanatory fiction
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, Ans: A hypothetical variable that often takes the form of another name for the
observed phenomenon it claims to explain and contributes nothing to a functional
account or understanding of the phenomenon.
15). Hypothetical construct
Ans: a presumed but unobserved process or entity
16). Mentalism (attitude of science)
Ans: An approach to explaining behavior that assumes that a mental, or "inner,"
dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this
dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior, if not all.
17). Methodological behaviorism
Ans: A philosophical position that views behavioral events that cannot be publicly
observed as outside the realm of science.
18). Ontogeny
Ans: The history of development of an individual organism during its lifetime.
19). Operant conditioning
Ans: occurs when a behavior in a particular situation is followed by a reinforcing
consequence, thus making the behavior more likely to occur in a similar circumstance in
the future
20). Parsimony (attitude of science)
Ans: The practice of ruling out simple, logical explanations, experimentally or
conceptually, before considering more complex or abstract explanations.
21). Philosophical doubt (attitude of science)
Ans: an attitude that the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory and
knowledge should be continually questioned.
22). Phylogeny
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, Ans: The history of the natural evolution of a species
23). Pragmatism (attitude of science)
Ans: inductive reasoning that draws general rules based on specific observation
(goes with behaviorism)
24). Prediction
Ans: A statement of the anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future
measurement
25). Radical behaviorism
Ans: A thoroughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human
behavior, including private events such as thoughts and feelings, in terms of controlling
variables in the history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phylogeny).
26). Science
Ans: a systematic approach to the understanding of natural phenomena
27). Selectionism
Ans: The principle that all forms of life, from single cells to complex cultures, evolve
as a result of selection with respect to function.
28). Stimulus-response psychology
Ans: An approach to psychology focused on the relationship between stimuli and
responses and the objective study of behavior
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