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CLASS 9 FRENCH REVOLUTION notes full
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Here’s a more in-depth look at the causes, events, and impact of the FrenchRevolution:
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION CLASS -9 (NCERT)
**Causes of the French Revolution:**
1. **Social Inequality:**
- The French society was divided into three estates:
- The First Estate: clergy
- The Second Estate: nobility
- The Third Estate: commoners (including peasants, artisans, and
bourgeoisie)
- The Third Estate, despite being the largest, bore the brunt of taxes and
lacked political representation, leading to discontent.
2. **Financial Crisis:**
- France faced a severe financial crisis due to:
- Heavy spending by the monarchy, especially King Louis XVI and his
queen, Marie Antoinette, on luxuries and court expenses.
- Costly wars, particularly the Seven Years’ War and the American
Revolutionary War, which drained the treasury.
- The government resorted to borrowing and increasing taxes, further
burdening the common people.
3. **Enlightenment Ideas:**
- The Enlightenment, an intellectual movement of the 18th century,
promoted ideas of:
- Individual rights and freedoms
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