NR509 Bates Test Bank – Midterm|Complete Questions with 100% Correct Answers
2 views 0 purchase
Course
NR509
Institution
NR509
NR509 Bates Test Bank – Midterm|Complete Questions with 100% Correct Answers
A patient presents for evaluation of a sharp, aching chest pain which increases with breathing. Which anatomic area would you localize the symptom to?
A) Musculoskeletal
B) Reproductive
C) Urinary
D) Endocrine
A)...
NR509 Bates Test Bank – Midterm|Complete Questions
with 100% Correct Answers
A patient presents for evaluation of a sharp, aching chest pain which increases with breathing. Which
anatomic area would you localize the symptom to?
A) Musculoskeletal
B) Reproductive
C) Urinary
D) Endocrine
A) Musculoskeletal
Chest pain may be due to a musculoskeletal condition, such as costochondritis or
intercostal muscle cramp. This would be worsened by motion of the chest wall. Pleuritic chest pain is
also a sharp chest pain which increases with a deep breath. This type of pain can
occur with inflammation of the pleura from pneumonia or other conditions and pulmonary
embolus.
A patient comes to the emergency room for evaluation of shortness of breath. To which anatomic region
would you assign the symptom?
A) Reproductive
B) Urinary
C) Cardiac
D) Hematologic
C) Cardiac
Cardiac disorders such as congestive heart failure are the most likely on this list to result in shortness of
breath. There are cases within the other categories which may also result
in shortness of breath, such as anemia in the hematologic category, pregnancy in the reproductive
category, or sepsis with UTI in the urinary category.
A patient presents for evaluation of a cough. Which of the following anatomic regions can be
responsible for a cough?
A) Ophthalmologic
B) Auditory
C) Cardiac
D) Endocrine
C) Cardiac
The cardiac system can cause a cough if the patient has congestive heart failure. This results in fluid
,buildup in the lungs, which in turn can cause a cough that produces pink,
frothy sputum. A foreign body in the ear may also cause a cough by stimulating Arnold's branch of the
vagus nerve, but this is less likely to be seen clinically than heart failure.
A 22-year-old advertising copywriter presents for evaluation of joint pain. The pain is new,
located in the wrists and fingers bilaterally, with some subjective fever. The patient denies a
rash; she also denies recent travel or camping activities. She has a family history significant for
rheumatoid arthritis. Based on this information, which of the following pathologic processes
would be the most correct?
A) Infectious
B) Inflammatory
C) Hematologic
D) Traumatic
B) Inflammatory
The description is most consistent with an inflammatory process, although all the other etiologies should
be considered. Lyme disease is an infection which commonly causes
arthritis, hemophilia is a hematologic condition which can cause bleeding in the joints, and trauma can
obviously cause joint pain.
A 47-year-old contractor presents for evaluation of neck pain, which has been intermittent for several
years. He normally takes over-the-counter medications to ease the pain, but this time they haven't
worked as well and he still has discomfort. He recently wallpapered the entire second floor in his house,
which caused him great discomfort. The pain resolved with rest. He denies fever, chills, rash, upper
respiratory symptoms, trauma, or injury to the neck. Based on this description, what is the most likely
pathologic process?
A) Infectious
B) Neoplastic
C) Degenerative
D) Traumatic
C) Degenerative
The description is most consistent with degenerative arthritis in the neck. The
patient has had intermittent symptoms and the questions asked to elicit pertinent negative and
positive findings are negative for infectious, traumatic, or neoplastic disease.
A 15-year-old high school sophomore comes to the clinic for evaluation of a 3-week history
of sneezing; itchy, watery eyes; clear nasal discharge; ear pain; and nonproductive cough. Which
is the most likely pathologic process?
A) Infection
B) Inflammation
,C) Allergic
D) Vascular
C) Allergic
This description is most consistent with allergic rhinitis.
A 19-year old-college student presents to the emergency room with fever, headache, and
neck pain/stiffness. She is concerned about the possibility of meningococcal meningitis.
Several of her dorm mates have been vaccinated, but she hasn't been. Which of the following
physical examination descriptions is most consistent with meningitis?
A) Head is normocephalic and atraumatic, fundi with sharp discs, neck supple with full range
of motion
B) Head is normocephalic and atraumatic, fundi with sharp discs, neck with paraspinous
muscle spasm and limited range of motion to the right
C) Head is normocephalic and atraumatic, fundi with blurred disc margins, neck tender to
palpation, unable to perform range of motion
D) Head is normocephalic and atraumatic, fundi with blurred disc margins, neck supple with
full range of motion
C) Head is normocephalic and atraumatic, fundi with blurred disc margins, neck tender to
palpation, unable to perform range of motion
Blurred disc margins are consistent with papilledema, and neck tenderness and lack of range of motion
are consistent with neck stiffness, which in this scenario is likely to be caused
by meningeal inflammation. Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs are also helpful in testing for meningeal
irritation on exam.
A 37-year-old nurse comes for evaluation of colicky right upper quadrant abdominal pain. The pain is
associated with nausea and vomiting and occurs 1 to 2 hours after eating greasy foods. Which one of the
following physical examination descriptions would be most consistent with the diagnosis of
cholecystitis?
A) Abdomen is soft, nontender, and nondistended, without hepatosplenomegaly or masses.
B) Abdomen is soft and tender to palpation in the right lower quadrant, without rebound or
guarding.
C) Abdomen is soft and tender to palpation in the right upper quadrant with inspiration, to the
point of stopping inspiration, and there is no rebound or guarding.
D) Abdomen is soft and tender to palpation in the mid-epigastric area, without rebound or
guarding.
C) Abdomen is soft and tender to palpation in the right upper quadrant with inspiration, to the
point of stopping inspiration, and there is no rebound or guarding.
In cholecystitis, the pain, which originates from the gallbladder, is located in the
right upper quadrant. Severity of pain with inspiration that is sufficient to stop further inhalation
, is also known as Murphy's sign, which, if present, is further indicative of inflammation of the
gallbladder.
A 55-year-old data entry operator comes to the clinic to establish care. She has the following
symptoms: headache, neck pain, sinus congestion, sore throat, ringing in ears, sharp brief chest
pains at rest, burning abdominal pain with spicy foods, constipation, urinary frequency that is worse
with coughing and sneezing, and swelling in legs. This cluster of symptoms is explained
by:
A) One disease process
B) More than one disease process
B) More than one disease process
The patient appears to have several possible conditions: allergic rhinitis, arthritis,
conductive hearing loss, pleuritic chest pains, heartburn, stress urinary incontinence, and venous stasis,
among other conditions. Although we always try, it is very difficult to assign all of these
symptoms to one cohesive diagnosis.
A 62-year-old teacher presents to the clinic for evaluation of the following symptoms: fever, headache,
sinus congestion, sore throat, green nasal discharge, and cough. This cluster of symptoms is best
explained by:
A) One disease process
B) More than one disease process
A) One disease process
This cluster of symptoms is most consistent with sinusitis. The chance that all of these symptoms are
caused by multiple synchronous conditions in the same patient is much less than the possibility of
having one problem which accounts for all of them.
Steve has just seen a 5-year-old girl who wheezes when exposed to cats. The patient's family history is
positive for asthma. You think the child most likely has asthma. What have you just accomplished?
A) You have tested your hypothesis.
B) You have developed a plan.
C) You have established a working diagnosis.
D) You have created a hypothesis.
D) You have created a hypothesis.
As you go through a history and examination, you will start to generate ideas to explain the patient's
symptoms. It is best to keep an open mind and make as many hypotheses
as you can, to avoid missing a possibility. A common mistake is to latch onto one idea too early.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LectAziim. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
