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Science - fundamentally is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the natural and physical
world through observations and experiments.
Different facet of science
Science is both a body of knowledge and a process
Science is exciting
Science is useful Science is ongoing
Science is a global human endeavor
Technology - (which is basically derived from the Greek word ‘technologia’) is an art, skill or ability, which
is used to create and develop products and acquire knowledge
Scientists - used their knowledge to develop technology and then used technology to develop Science;
so, because of this reason science and technology are an integrated term in today’s world
Contribution of Technology to Science
Technology as a source of scientific challenges
Instrumentation and measurement techniques
Contribution of Science to Technology
Science as a direct source of new technological ideas
Science as a source of engineering
Nature of Science and Technology
Technical Knowledge - It can be defined in the simplest term as – ‘know-how’. It includes ranges of basic
skills such as advancement in agriculture, development of chemical industries, medical technology,
software engineering, etc.
Understanding of the attributes or elements - It means, knowledge and understanding of the intelligence of
workers, quality of products, value of a firm, effectiveness of market, etc.
What is Culture?
Culture - is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior and norms found in human
societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals
in these groups.
, Definition from different sociologists:
Taylor - “Culture is the complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs and
habits, and any capabilities acquired by man as a member of society”
Linton - “Culture is social heredity, which is transmitted from one generation to another with the
accumulation of individual experiences”
John Beattee - “Culture is the way of life which is transmitted from generation to generation
8 Elements of Culture
1. History – what has happened is the past, holidays, stories about heroes and difficult times.
2. Arts – Paintings, sculpture, architecture, dance, music theater and literature.
3. Government – rules law about how to live what type of government.
4. Economy – how people earn a living.
5. Daily life – what / how people eat, what they wear, and homes they build
6. Religion – Helps answer basics about life meaning.
7. Language – dialect local form of language.
8. Social Groups – rich, poor, middle class, gender roles, ethnic group.
Technology Shapes Culture -The technology landscape for businesses has changed beyond recognition
over the past 50 years.
Here are 5 ways that technology has changed the way that we work.
1. Mobility
2. The cloud
3. AR and VR Innovation
4. Customer Data
5. Social Impact
About Ethics of Information Technology
Every society forms a set of rules that establishes the boundaries of generally accepted behavior. These
rules are often expressed in statements about how people should behave, and the individual rules fit
together to form the moral code by which a society lives.
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