Dit document bevat een samenvatting van de hoorcolleges van SWK2. Ik heb geprobeerd alles zo duidelijk mogelijk uit te leggen en er voorbeelden bij te maken.
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoorcollege 1...................................................................................................4
Erfelijkheid en omgeving..............................................................................5
Hoorcollege 2...................................................................................................6
Hoorcollege 3...................................................................................................8
Wat hangt samen met de kans op (on)veilige gehechtheid?......................10
Hoorcollege 4.................................................................................................11
Hoe begint leren?.......................................................................................11
The Visual Cliff experiment.........................................................................12
Klassieke conditionering.............................................................................12
Operante conditionering.............................................................................12
Habituatie (gewenning)..............................................................................12
Jean Piaget..................................................................................................12
Hoorcollege 5.................................................................................................14
Hoe leren kinderen taal?.............................................................................14
Wat is er nodig voor taalverwerving?.........................................................14
3 Moutain problem......................................................................................16
Hoorcollege 6.................................................................................................18
Hoorcollege 7.................................................................................................21
Prososciaal gedrag......................................................................................21
Spel en ontwikkeling...................................................................................21
Hoorcollege 8.................................................................................................25
Piaget – Morele ontwikkeling......................................................................25
Kohlbergs niveaus van moreel redeneren...................................................26
Agressie......................................................................................................26
Hoorcollege 9.................................................................................................28
Fases in de adolescentie.............................................................................29
Ontwikkelingsfasen & taken.......................................................................30
Hoorcollege 10...............................................................................................33
Eigenwaarde...............................................................................................33
Executieve functies & cognitieve controlevaardigheden............................33
Hoorcollege 11...............................................................................................35
Hoorcollege 12...............................................................................................38
2
,Kenmerken relatie jongeren en hun ouders................................................39
3
, Hoorcollege 1
Wat is ontwikkelingspsychologie?
De wetenschappelijke studie naar groei, verandering en stabiliteit van
conceptie tot ouderdom.
Wat is het nut van de kennis van ontwikkelingspsychologie?
Er staan drie dingen centraal: signaleren, analyseren en hoe kunnen we het
kind begeleiden.
We maken onderscheid tussen vier vlakken: fysiek, cognitief, sociaal-
emotioneel en persoonlijkheid.
Stadia van prenatale periode
Germinaal
- van bevruchting tot twee weken, methodische celdeling, begin
functiedeling
Embryonaal
- twee tot acht weken. Zygote nu embryo, drie lagen: echo-, endo- en
mesoderm
Foetaal
- acht weken tot de geboorte. Embryo nu foetus, differentiatie van
belangrijkste organen, snelle groei
Teratogene effecten:
- Gedrag en omgevingsrisico’s
- Roken, alcohol en drugs
- Slechte voeding
- Blootstelling giftige stoffen
- Blootstelling grote hoogten
- Inadequate prenatale zorg
- Stress
- Leeftijd
- Etniciteit
- Lage sociaal-economische status
- Alleenstaand
- Lage opleiding
Tera = monster gen = produceren
Alle slechte invloeden op jou en je kind tijdens de zwangerschap.
4
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