AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases Of Behavior
AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases of Behavior
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AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases of Behavior, Key Terms Questions and Corretly Answered
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AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases Of Behavior
AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases of Behavior, Key Terms
neuron - Answer-fundamental unit of the nervous system; nerve cell
axon - Answer-a fiber that carries signals from the body of a neuron out to where communication occurs with other neurons
dendrite - Answer-a neuron fiber that r...
AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases of Behavior
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AP Psychology Unit 3: Biological Bases
of Behavior, Key Terms
neuron - Answer-fundamental unit of the nervous system; nerve cell
axon - Answer-a fiber that carries signals from the body of a neuron out to where
communication occurs with other neurons
dendrite - Answer-a neuron fiber that receives signals from the axons of other neurons and
carries those signals to the cell body
synapse - Answer-the tiny gap between neurons across which they communicate
action potential - Answer-an abrupt wave of electrochemical changes traveling down an axon
when a neuron becomes depolarized
neurotransmitters - Answer-chemicals that assist in the transfer of signals from one neuron to
another
receptor sites - Answer-sites on the surface of a cell that allow only one type of neurotransmitter
to fit into them, triggering a chemical response that may lead to an action potential
peripheral nervous system - Answer-the parts of the nervous system not housed in a bone
central nervous system - Answer-the parts of the nervous system encased in bone, including
the brain and the spinal cord
somatic nervous system - Answer-the subsystem of the peripheral nervous systems that
transmits information from the senses to the central nervous system and carries signals from
the central nervous system to the muscles
autonomic nervous system - Answer-a subsystem of the peripheral nervous system that carries
messages between the central nervous system and the heart, lungs and other organs and
glands
fiber tracts/pathways - Answer-axons in the central nervous system that travel together in
bundles
hindbrain - Answer-an extension of the spinal cord contained inside the skull where nuclei
control blood pressure, heart rate, breathing and other vital functions
medulla - Answer-an area in the hindbrain that controls blood pressure, heart rate, breathing
and other vital functions
reticular formation - Answer-a network of cells and fibers threaded throughout the hindbrain and
midbrain that alters the activity of the rest of the brain
, cerebellum - Answer-the part of the hindbrain whose main functions include controlling finely
coordinated movements and storing memories about movement, but which may also be
involved in impulse control, emotion and language
midbrain - Answer-a small structure between the hindbrain and forebrain that relays information
from the eyes, ears and skin that controls certain types of automatic behaviors
forebrain - Answer-the most highly developed part of the brain; it is responsible for the most
complex aspects of behavior and mental life
thalamus - Answer-a forebrain structure that relays signals from most sense organs to higher
levels in the brain and plays an important role in processing and making sense out of this
information
hypothalamus - Answer-a structure in the forebrain that regulates hunger, thirst and sex drives
amygdala - Answer-a structure in the forebrain that, among other things, associates features of
stimuli from two sensory modalities
hippocampus - Answer-a structure in the forebrain associated with the formation of new
memories
limbic system - Answer-a set of brain structures that play important roles in regulating emotion
and memory
cerebral cortex - Answer-the other surface of the brain
sensory cortex - Answer-the parts of the cerebral cortex that receives stimulus information from
the senses
motor cortex - Answer-the part of the cerebral cortex whose neurons control voluntary
movements in specific parts of the body
association cortex - Answer-those parts of the cerebral cortex that receives information from
more than one sense or that combine sensory and motor information to perform complex
cognitive tasks
corpus callosum - Answer-a massive bundle of fibers that connects the right and left cerebral
hemispheres and allows them to communicate with each other
plasticity - Answer-the ability to create new synapses and to change the strength of synapses
acetylcholine - Answer-a neurotransmitter used by neurons in the peripheral and central
nervous systems in the control of functions ranging from muscle contraction and heart rate to
digestion and memory
norepinephrine - Answer-a neurotransmitter involved in arousal, as well as in learning and mood
regulation
serotonin - Answer-a neurotransmitter used by cells in parts of the brain involved in the
regulation of sleep, mood and eating
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