GENERAL BOTANY LECTURE – REVIEWER (LESSON 1-5)
Lesson 1. Introduction to Botany
Botany is the scientific study of plants and the process occurring during the plant life.
I. Definition of Botany
1. Scientific Study
- Principles of the scientific method:
a.) Source of information. All accepte...
QUESTION S AND ANSWERS Class notes General Botany - Reviewer TESTED AND CONFIRMED A+ ANSWERS GENERAL BOTANY LECTURE – REVIEWER (LESSON 1-5) Lesson 1. Introduction to Botany Botany is the scientific study of plants and the process occurring during the plant life. I. Definition of Botany 1. Scientific Study - Principles of the scientific method: a.) Source of information. All accepted information can be derived only from carefully documented and controlled observations or experiments. • Vesalius promoted the idea that observation of the world itself was more accurate than accepting undocumented claims, even if the claims had been made by an extremely famous, respected person. b.) Phenomena that can be studied. Only tangible phenomena and objects are studied, such as heat, plants, minerals, and weather. • To see is to believe. Subjected to various experiments and tests. Tangible things: observable and measureable. c.) Constancy and universality. Physical forces that control the world are constant through time and are the same everywhere. • Constancy and universality allow us to plan future experiments and predict what the outcome should be: If we do the experiment and do not get the predicted outcome, it must be that our theory was incorrect, not that the fundamental forces of the world have suddenly changed. d.) Basis. The fundamental basis of the scientific method is skepticism, the principle of never being certain of a conclusion, of always being willing to consider new evidence. • Skepticism is the willingness to consider new evidence - Steps in conducting an experiment: a.) Identify statement of the problem. b.) Formulate the hypothesis. c.) Define data and collect. d.) Devise the experimental design. e.) Conduct the experiment. f.) Record and analyze the data. g.) Write the results and conclusions. h.) Evaluate the study in relation to similar investigations. 2. Plants - Domain: Eukarya - Kingdom: Plantae - How many species? How many endangered? o 400,000 plant species (391,000 plant species) o 3000 endangered plant species o 2000 new plant species identified annually. - Newly discovered plant species in the Philippines: a.) Pyrostria arayatensis • It is endemic to the Philippines. • It was discovered in 2017 in Mt. Arayat. If you need a professional to complete your college homework at a small fee, then reach out to amazingclasshelp.com GENERAL BOTANY LECTURE – REVIEWER (LESSON 1-5) b.) Nepenthes cabanae • It was discovered in Pantaron range, Bukidonon and is endemic to the area. c.) Medinilla malabrigoi • It is a flowering plant discovered in the forests of Samar. d.) Amorphallus calcicollus • It is critically endangered. • It is a flowering plant discovered in Bohol. II. If you need a professional to complete your college homework at a small fee, then reach out to Homeworkanalyzers.com GENERAL BOTANY LECTURE – REVIEWER (LESSON 1-5) III. Some Branches of Botany 1. Plant Biology Specialties a.) Anatomy • Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants. b.) Morphology • Phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants. c.) Plant Physiology • Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. d.) Cytology • It is the branch of biology concerned with the structure and function of plant and animal cells. e.) Genetics • Plant genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity specifically in plants. f.) Taxonomy • Plant taxonomy is the science that finds, identifies, describes, classifies, and names plants. g.) Ecology • Plant ecology is a subdiscipline of ecology which studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among and between plants and other organisms. h.) Ethnobotany • Ethnobotany is the study of interrelations between humans and plants; however, current use of the term implies the study of indigenous or traditional knowledge of plants. i.) Paleobotany • Paleobotany, which is also spelled as palaeobotany, is the branch of botany dealing with the recovery and identification of plant remains from geological contexts, and their use for the biological reconstruction of past environments
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