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Class notes PHARMACOLOGY
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This will help with immunosuppressant drugs and more
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Focus on the care for these patients:Chapter 50
Immunosuppressant Drugs:
What does the immune system do?
Fights against foreign bodies
Microorganisms
Innate (General) immunity – the body automatically knows how to fight it off,
inflammatory response, macrophages (engulfs)
Acquired/adaptive/specific - the body learns how to fight after it has been
exposed.
If you get a vaccine, it strengthens the adaptive response.
Facilitated by B cells – humoral (fight cancer, produce massive amount of
antibodies, memory cells)
Facilitated by T cells – cellular immunity (B helps T to recognize foreign bodies)
Anaphylactic reaction
Don’t want immunity to kick in because we don’t want pt to reject organs for
organ transplant.
Lines of defense:
First line of defense
Skin (nose and mouth, the mucosa are entries for bacteria)
Second
Phagocytosis
Inflammation response
innate
Third
Adaptive immunity
Immunosuppressants
Used to prevent or treat rejection of transplanted organs.
Main function of T lymphocytes (adaptive, cellular)
Transplants
Types: kidney, heart, liver, pancreas, small bowel, bone marrow, cornea, arms
Transplant pt are on these drugs for the duration of their lifetime.
Hyperacute – the minute it goes into the patient can cause fibrosis, which
happens within hours. Look at the genetics of the person and the transplant to
confirm the matching, less rejection.
Acute – 3 months to 1 year. Expect rejection, what is the best drug for this
person?
Chronic – multiple transplants
Major classes used to prevent organ rejection:
Glucocorticoids
Stop inflammation, strongest anti-inflammatory, give high dose with acute
rejection, if not rejecting will give some to maintain.
SE – steroid-induced diabetes
Calcineurin inhibitors
Induction, they go for surgery.
Interleukin goes into T cells and tells them not to secrete this, DONT SEND
Antimetabolites
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