Stuur mij een bericht om een goedkopere prijs af te spreken: Manon Dhelft op sociale media.
Samenvatting van het vak Inleiding Bodemkunde aan UGent. Samenvatting bestaat slides, notities, extra uitleg en het boek 'Bodem & bodemkunde voor tuin, landbouw en milieu' (Verheye & Ameryckx, 2007).
• Lessen en slides van Prof. Rudi Goossens (2023)
• Bodem & bodemkunde voor tuin, landbouw en milieu (Verheye & Ameryckx, 2007)
Academiejaar 2022-2023
,INHOUDSTAFEL
INLEIDING ............................................................................................................................ 4
ALGEMEENHEDEN OVER DE BODEM............................................................................................. 4
Definities .................................................................................................................................. 4
Functies.................................................................................................................................... 5
Algemeen......................................................................................................................................... 5
Specifieke impact op socio-economisch leven ................................................................................ 6
Eigenschappen ......................................................................................................................... 6
BODEMVORMENDE FACTOREN .................................................................................................. 8
Gesteente of moedermateriaal ................................................................................................. 9
Klimaat................................................................................................................................... 10
Primaire klimaatseffecten ............................................................................................................. 10
Temperatuur .............................................................................................................................. 10
Water ......................................................................................................................................... 11
Wind .......................................................................................................................................... 12
Secundaire klimaatseffecten ......................................................................................................... 12
Neerslag op weinig of onbedekt oppervlak ............................................................................... 12
Dauw en temperatuurverschillen .............................................................................................. 12
Wind .......................................................................................................................................... 12
Biologische activiteit ............................................................................................................... 13
Flora ............................................................................................................................................... 14
Activiteit van flora ..................................................................................................................... 14
Voorbeeld zonale bodems in Rusland ........................................................................................ 14
Fauna ............................................................................................................................................. 20
Micro-organismen ......................................................................................................................... 20
Mens ...................................................................................................................................... 20
Topografie of reliëf ................................................................................................................. 22
Verschillende schalen .................................................................................................................... 22
Voorbeeld dwarsdoorsnede .......................................................................................................... 22
Effect van reliëfverschillen ............................................................................................................ 23
Tijd......................................................................................................................................... 23
Impact van de tijdsfactor............................................................................................................... 23
Resultaat van de tijdsfactor........................................................................................................... 23
PEDOGENESE OF BODEMVORMING ........................................................................................... 25
Fysische of mechanische verwering ......................................................................................... 25
1
MD
, Eerste vorm: temperatuur- en vochtverschillen ........................................................................... 25
Tweede vorm: schurende verwering van zand of water (erosie) ................................................. 26
Derde vorm: massaverplaatsing van materiaal door water en wind ............................................ 26
Chemische verwering.............................................................................................................. 27
Oplossing ....................................................................................................................................... 27
Hydratatie ...................................................................................................................................... 28
Hydrolyse ....................................................................................................................................... 28
Oxidatie en reductie ...................................................................................................................... 28
Biologische verwering ............................................................................................................. 29
Interacties .............................................................................................................................. 30
Vb 1: interactie met de mens: Vlaamse Zandstreek en Kempen .................................................. 30
Vb 2: zeepolders ............................................................................................................................ 31
HET BODEMPROFIEL ............................................................................................................. 32
INDIVIDUELE BODEMKARAKTERISTIEKEN ..................................................................................... 35
Textuur of korrelgroottesamenstelling .................................................................................... 36
Textuurdriehoek ............................................................................................................................ 36
Belang van de bodemtextuur ........................................................................................................ 37
Bodemstructuur ..................................................................................................................... 39
Bodemstructuur bovengrond ........................................................................................................ 39
Bodemstructuur ondergrond ........................................................................................................ 40
Structuurverval .............................................................................................................................. 40
Structuurverbetering ..................................................................................................................... 41
Bodemcompactie.................................................................................................................... 42
Bodemkleur............................................................................................................................ 43
Humus- en stikstofgehalte ...................................................................................................... 44
Factoren van humificatie ............................................................................................................... 45
Samenstelling en eigenschappen van humus ............................................................................... 45
Classificatie van humus ................................................................................................................. 46
Belang van humus ......................................................................................................................... 46
Het bodemsorptiecomplex (ex!!!) ........................................................................................... 48
Vastleggingsvermogen of sorptiecapaciteit .................................................................................. 48
Uitwisselingsvermogen ................................................................................................................. 49
Basenverzadiging ........................................................................................................................... 49
Zuurtegraad of pH .................................................................................................................. 50
Bodemporiën ......................................................................................................................... 52
Bodemlucht ............................................................................................................................ 53
2
MD
, Bodemwater .......................................................................................................................... 54
Waterdynamiek in de bodem ........................................................................................................ 54
Beweging van doorsijpelend water ........................................................................................... 54
Beweging van grondwatertafel ................................................................................................. 55
Soorten water in de bodem .......................................................................................................... 56
Belangrijke watergehalten ............................................................................................................ 58
pF-curve ......................................................................................................................................... 60
Grondwater ................................................................................................................................... 61
Belang van bodemwater ............................................................................................................... 63
BODEMCLASSIFICATIE EN -KARTERING........................................................................................ 65
Classificatie ............................................................................................................................ 65
Internationale classificaties ..................................................................................................... 66
Soil Taxonomy ............................................................................................................................... 66
De 12 ordes ................................................................................................................................ 67
Andere internationale classificatie: WRB ...................................................................................... 72
Nationale en lokale eenvoudige systemen ............................................................................... 72
Technieken van kartering ........................................................................................................ 73
Kaartschaal............................................................................................................................. 73
BODEMKAART VAN BELGIË ..................................................................................................... 74
Historiek................................................................................................................................. 74
Kaartlegende en bodemserie .................................................................................................. 75
Textuur .......................................................................................................................................... 75
Afgeleide series.......................................................................................................................... 76
Drainageklasse............................................................................................................................... 77
Profielontwikkeling........................................................................................................................ 78
Afgeleide series.......................................................................................................................... 79
Andere kaarteenheden ................................................................................................................. 79
Bodemkaart lezen................................................................................................................... 79
Polders ................................................................................................................................... 80
Bodemkaart ................................................................................................................................... 80
Ontstaan ........................................................................................................................................ 80
3
MD
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller meynob. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.38. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
