FISDAP Trauma EMT Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

Subcutaneous Emphysema - ANSWER-is a characteristic crackling sensation produced by the presence of air. Sign of Laryngeal injury. Crepitus - ANSWER-A grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together. Ecchymosis - ANSWER-a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising. Opening the Airway - ANSWER-Jaw Thrust with any suspected head/spinal injury! Head tilt chin lift in medical with no indication for C spine. Cushing's Triad - ANSWER-Increased blood pressure, decreased heart rate, irregular breathing (cheyne-stokes or biot). Perform controlled hyperventilation of your patient via positive-pressure ventilations at a rate of 20 breaths per minute. Complications of SCI - ANSWER-spinal shock, neurogenic shock, autonomic dysreflexia Indications for Tourniquet Use - ANSWER-Spurting, arterial bleeding that is not controlled by direct pressure. approx 2 inches above. Indications for Spinal Immobilization - ANSWER-Always suspect with: MVA, Pedestrian-MVA, Falls, Blunt Trauma, Penetrating Trauma to head/neck/back/torso, Rapid Deceleration Injuries, Hangings, Axial Loading Injuries, Diving Accidents Commotio Cordia - ANSWER-Hard hit to the center of the chest, causing disturbance of rhythm and V fib. Treat immediately with CPR and AED. Body Surface Area (Burns) - ANSWER-Head/neck - 9% TBSA Each arm - 9% TBSA Anterior thorax - 18% TBSA Posterior thorax - 18% TBSA Each leg - 18% TBSA Perineum - 1% TBSA Traumatic Brain Injury Patterns - ANSWER- Intracranial Pressure - ANSWER-As a result of TBI. Signs: cheyne stokes respirations, ataxic respirations, decreased PR, headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased alertness, nonreactive or sluggish pupils, cushing reflex