Bio 256 Digestive system Study (Chamberlain College of Nursing) Questions with Complete Solutions
Gastrointestinal tract CORRECT ANSWER A continuous tube from the opening of the mouth all the way to the anus
Organs of the GI tract CORRECT ANSWER Mouth, most of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine
Accessory digestive organs CORRECT ANSWER Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Functions of the digestive system CORRECT ANSWER Ingestion, secretion, motility, digestion, absorption, and defecation
Layers of the GI tract (Deep to superficial) CORRECT ANSWER Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa
Mucosa CORRECT ANSWER Mucous membrane composed of a layer of epithelium, a layer of areolar connective tissue called the lamina propria, and a thin layer of smooth muscle called the muscularis mucosae
Specialized cells of the mucosa CORRECT ANSWER Enteroendocrine cells that secrete hormones, MALT cells for immune defense. Submucosa CORRECT ANSWER Areolar connective tissue that binds the mucosa to the muscularis and contains glands, blood, lymphatic vessels and tissue, and the submucosal plexus (ENS)
Muscularis CORRECT ANSWER Skeletal muscle layer in the mouth, pharynx, superior and middle parts of the esophagus and the external anal sphincter, two sheets of smooth muscle in the rest of the tract, contains the myenteric plexus (ENS)
Serosa CORRECT ANSWER A serous membrane composed of areolar connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium, forms a portion of the peritoneum (visceral peritoneum)
Adventitia CORRECT ANSWER The single outer layer of areolar connective tissue that surrounds the esophagus (lacks a serosa)
Myenteric plexus (ENS) CORRECT ANSWER Motor neurons control the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis, controls GI tract motility or the frequency and strength of contractions
Submucosal plexus (ENS) CORRECT ANSWER Control the secretions of the organs in the GI tract
Stimulation of the sympathetic nerves in the GI tract cause... CORRECT
ANSWER A decrease in GI tract secretion and motility by inhibiting the
ENS neurons
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