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Samenvatting Weefsels H2: Epitheel
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Samenvatting gebaseerd op slides van professor Vral met bijhorende notities van in de les, alles wat je voor de theorie moet kennen van dit onderdeel.
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Samenvatting epitheelInhoud
1.1 Inleiding............................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Bedekkend epitheel..........................................................................................................................2
1.2.1 éénlagige epithelen...................................................................................................................2
1.2.1.1 plaveiselepitheel.................................................................................................................2
1.2.1.2 Kubisch epitheel..................................................................................................................3
1.2.1.3 Cilindrisch epitheel.............................................................................................................3
1.2.2 Pseudomeerlagig/meerrijig epitheel.........................................................................................3
1.2.3 Meerlagige epithelen.................................................................................................................3
1.2.4 Apicale oppervlaktespecialisaties..............................................................................................5
1.2.4.1 Trilharen/ciliën....................................................................................................................5
1.2.4.2 Microvilli.............................................................................................................................5
1.2.5 Laterale oppervlaktespecialisaties of intercellulaire verbindingen............................................6
1.2.6 Basale oppervlaktespecialisaties................................................................................................7
1.6 Klierepitheel.....................................................................................................................................7
1.6.1 Exocriene klieren.......................................................................................................................7
1.7 Myo-epitheel..................................................................................................................................10
1.8 Neuro-epitheel...............................................................................................................................10
1.9 Transport in epitheelcellen.............................................................................................................10
1.10 Vernieuwing van epithelen...........................................................................................................11
1.1 Inleiding
- Cellen met gelijke functies+ vorm gaan associëren brengen bepaalde delen van hun DNA
tot expressie vorming weefsel
1
, - Tussen cellen: acelulair compartiment= ECM
- Weefseltypes
o Epitheel
o Bind-en steunweefsel
o Spierweefsel
o Zenuwweefsel
- Kenmerken epitheel
o Goed aaneensluitende cellen weinig ECM betere uitwisseling van stoffen
Cellen worden bijeengehouden door tight junctions/zonula occludens
o Onderzijde rust op een acellulaire laag= basale membraan
Gepolariseerd apicale zijde ziet er anders uit dan basale zijde
o Lumen is altijd begrensd met epitheel
o Bedekkend epitheel
o Klierepitheel
o Myo-epitheel
Cellen zijn rijk aan myofilamenten (actine & myosine) spiercellen
o Neuro-epitheel
Voeren functie van zenuwcellen uit
1.2 Bedekkend epitheel
- = laag die uitwendige + inwendige lichaamsholten bedekt
- Beschrijving
o Aantal cellagen
o Vorm van de cellen
o Oppervlaktespecialisaties
- Types
o Éénlagig epitheel
o Pseudomeerlagige
o Meerlagige
1.2.1 éénlagige epithelen
- Maag veel vertering secretie eenlagig epitheel
1.2.1.1 plaveiselepitheel
- platte polygonale cellen = veel hoekig van vorm
- apicaal uitpuilende kern in lumen
- voorkomen
o bloedvaten
o lichaamsholten
o longblaasjes
o nierbuisjes aanmaak urine + verwijderen toxische stoffen
o cornea/hoornvlies
- endotheel: bloedvaten (organellen voor bloedstolling, microvilli)
o capillairen= haarvaten= dunne bloedvaten
- mesotheel: buik- long- en hartvlies (veel microvilli, vochtig oppervlak)
o typisch voor serosa/blad
- functie
2
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