Blood Basics: Your Essential Guide to Understanding Body Fluids.
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Course
Nursing
Institution
Nursing
Certainly:
"Blood is a vital bodily fluid that circulates through the arteries and veins, delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells while removing waste products. Comprising plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, blood plays essential roles in oxygen transport, immune defense,...
BODY FLUIDS
• Body fluids are of 2 type:
• ICF & ECF (also called internal envt of the
body or internal milieu)
• ECF is either plasma or CSF, fluids in
joints etc
• ICF and ECF differ in ionic composition
, BLOOD
• Functions of Blood:
1 - Transportation:
– oxygen & carbon dioxide
– nutrients
– waste products (metabolic wastes, excessive water, &
ions)
2 - Regulation - hormones & heat (to regulate body
temperature)
3 - Protection - clotting mechanism protects
against blood loss & leucocytes provide
immunity against many disease-causing agents
, Components of Blood
• Formed elements:
– Red blood cells (or erythrocytes)
– White blood cells (or leucocytes)
– Platelets (or thrombocytes)
• Plasma = water + dissolved solutes
, Red Blood Cells (or erythrocytes)
• biconcave discs
• lack a nucleus & cannot reproduce (average
lifespan = about 120 days)
• transport hemoglobin (each RBC has about 280
million hemoglobin molecules)
• Typical concentration is 4-6 million per cubic mm
(or hematocrit [packed cell volume] of about
42% for females & 45% for males)
• contain carbonic anhydrase (critical for transport
of carbon dioxide)
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