Oefenvragen, Uitgewerkt toetsmatrijs, d.m.v. aantekeningen van college's, betrouwbare internetbronnen, het boek: Verpleegkundige diagnostiek in de psychiatrie. van Townsend.
de vakken: biomedische kennis, verpleegkunde, psychiatrie, recht
Verschillende stoornissen, psychofarmaca, verpleegkundige interventies
December 17, 2018
50
2018/2019
Summary
Subjects
verpleegkunde
ggz
vgz
townsend
toetsmatrijs
jaar 2
biomedisch
biomedische kennis
psychologie
recht
bopz
wlx
geestelijke gezondheids zorg
verstandelijke gezondheidszorg
jaar 2 periode 22
periode 22
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Je kunt de oorzaken, symptomen, behandeling en prognose van schizofrenie en andere psychotsche
stoornissen herkennen en beschrijven...................................................................................................6
Schizofrenie........................................................................................................................................6
Oorzaak...........................................................................................................................................6
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................6
Behandeling....................................................................................................................................7
Prognose.........................................................................................................................................7
Schizofreniforme stoornis...................................................................................................................7
Schizoafecteve stoornis....................................................................................................................7
Oorzaak...........................................................................................................................................7
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................7
Behandeling....................................................................................................................................8
Kortdurende psychotsche stoornis....................................................................................................8
Oorzaken........................................................................................................................................8
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................8
Behandeling....................................................................................................................................8
Prognose.........................................................................................................................................8
Waanstoornis.....................................................................................................................................9
Soorten...........................................................................................................................................9
Oorzaak...........................................................................................................................................9
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................9
Gedeelde psychotsche stoornis.........................................................................................................9
Psychotsche stoornis door middelen/medicate gebruik...................................................................9
Oorzaak...........................................................................................................................................9
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................9
Psychotsche stoornis door een lichamelijke aandoening................................................................10
Somatsche aandoeningen............................................................................................................10
Katatonie als specifcate bij een andere psychische stoornis...........................................................10
Kenmerkend.................................................................................................................................10
Katatonie stoornis door een somatsche aandoening.......................................................................10
Je kunt de belangrijkste verpleegkundige interventes die orden toegepast bij psychotsche
stoornissen herkennen en beschrijven.................................................................................................10
Je kunt met betrekking tot stemmingsstoornissen van de volgende begrippen oorzaken, symptomen,
behandeling en prognose uitleggen en van elkaar onderscheiden:.....................................................12
Depressieve episode.............................................................................................................................12
Manische episode.................................................................................................................................12
1
,Hypomane episode...............................................................................................................................13
Gemengde episode...............................................................................................................................13
Unipolaire stoornis...............................................................................................................................13
Depressieve stoornis (major depressive disorder)...............................................................................13
Soorten.........................................................................................................................................13
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................13
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................13
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................14
Prognose.......................................................................................................................................14
Dysthyme stoornis................................................................................................................................14
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................14
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................14
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................14
Bipolaire stoornis..................................................................................................................................14
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................15
Symptomen Manische periode.....................................................................................................15
Symptomen depressieve periode.................................................................................................15
Soorten.........................................................................................................................................15
Diagnose...........................................................................................................................................15
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................15
Prognose.......................................................................................................................................16
Je kunt van de volgende angststoornissen de oorzaken, verschijnselen, behandeling en prognose
herkennen en er uitleg over geven:......................................................................................................16
Behandeling angststoornissen..........................................................................................................16
Prognose angststoornissen...............................................................................................................16
Soorten angststoornissen.....................................................................................................................17
Paniekstoornis......................................................................................................................................17
Agorafobie............................................................................................................................................17
Sociale fobie.........................................................................................................................................17
Specifeke fobie....................................................................................................................................17
Gegeneraliseerde angststoornis (GAS).................................................................................................17
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................17
Obsessieve compulsieve stoornis (OCS) d angstoornis......................................................................18
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................18
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................18
Verzamelstoornis..................................................................................................................................18
Morfodyfore stoornis stoornis in de lichaamsbeleving........................................................................18
2
,Trichotllomanie haaruitrekstoornis...................................................................................................18
Psychotrauma- en stressor gerelateerde stoornissen..........................................................................19
Post traumatsch stress stoornis (PTSS)................................................................................................19
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................19
Soorten.........................................................................................................................................19
Je kunt de belangrijkste verpleegkundige interventes die orden toegepast bij angst- en
d angstoornissen blz. 167 t/m 191.....................................................................................................19
Verschillen tussen deze persoonlijkheidsstoornissen benoemen.........................................................19
Kenmerken van de persoonlijkheidsstoornissen: borderline, de antsociale en narcistsche
persoonlijkheidsstoornis benoemen....................................................................................................20
Borderline.........................................................................................................................................20
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................20
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................20
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................20
Prognose.......................................................................................................................................21
Invloed voor de persoon zelf........................................................................................................21
Invloed op de naasten..................................................................................................................21
Antsociale persoonlijkheidsstoornis................................................................................................21
Oorzaken......................................................................................................................................21
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................21
Gevolgen voor cliënt en omgeving...............................................................................................22
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................22
Prognose.......................................................................................................................................22
Narcistsche persoonlijkheidsstoornis..............................................................................................22
Kenmerken van middelenafankelijkheid............................................................................................22
Kenmerken van gebruik van alcohol en andere psychoacteve stofen................................................23
Kenmerken van ge enning, onthouding, afankelijkheid, intooicate en misbruik betrefende het
gebruik van middelen benoemen.........................................................................................................23
Relate tussen het gebruik van middelen en psychopathologische problemen....................................23
Gevolgen op lange termijn van overmatg gebruik van alcohol en andere...........................................24
middelen herkennen en uitleggen........................................................................................................24
Behandelings- en begeleidingsmogelijkheden in de verslavingszorg...................................................24
Algemene kenmerken, soorten en behandeling van drangstoornissen................................................24
Kenmerken van suïcidaal gedrag..........................................................................................................24
Kenmerken van het Do nsyndroom, het fragiele X-syndroom en Prader Willi-syndroom beschrijven
..............................................................................................................................................................24
Do nsyndroom................................................................................................................................24
Fragiele-X-syndroom (FXS)................................................................................................................25
3
, Prader- illi.......................................................................................................................................25
De beperkingen m.b.t. de disharmonische ont ikkeling bij een lichte verstandelijke beperking
beschrijven...........................................................................................................................................26
Relategerichte benaderings ijzen bij een lichte verstandelijke beperking en autsme.......................26
Licht verstandelijke beperking..........................................................................................................26
Autsme............................................................................................................................................27
Je kunt het leren op basis van conditoneren en model- leren uitleggen.............................................27
Je kunt uitleggen at intelligente is en hoe het gemeten ordt.........................................................28
Je kunt de psychologische aspecten van verslaving uitleggen..............................................................29
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................29
Kenmerken van verslaving............................................................................................................30
Categorieën drugs.........................................................................................................................30
Behandeling verslaving.................................................................................................................30
Soorten therapieën..............................................................................................................................30
Cogniteve gedragstherapie..............................................................................................................30
GGGG- model...................................................................................................................................31
Eoposure therapie blootstellen........................................................................................................31
Soorten eoposure.........................................................................................................................31
EMDR Eye movement desensizaton and reprocessing...................................................................32
Systeemtherapie...............................................................................................................................32
Motverende gespreksvoering..........................................................................................................32
Oplossing gerichtetherapie...............................................................................................................32
Wat staat er in de BOPZ Wet bijzondere opnemingen psychiatrische ziekenhuizen ...........................33
Het gevaarcriterium..........................................................................................................................33
Het verschil is tussen d ang en drang..............................................................................................33
Toepassen van d ang......................................................................................................................33
Middelen en maatregelen en anneer elke maatregel mag orden ingezet (d angopname,
d angmedicate, afzondering en separate).....................................................................................34
Je kunt curatele, be indvoering en mentorschap uitleggen................................................................34
Je kunt benoemen/beschrijven/uitleggen: Wet langdurige zorg..........................................................35
Psychische stoornis...............................................................................................................................35
De begrippen cognitef, afectef en conatef.......................................................................................35
Cognitef (= het vermogen te leren).................................................................................................35
Afectef (=voelen/emotoneel)........................................................................................................36
Conatef (=doen/gedrag)..................................................................................................................36
Hoe psychiatrisch onderzoek plaatsvindt.............................................................................................36
Wat de DSM is en hoe deze ordt gebruikt.........................................................................................36
4
,Je kunt van de belangrijkste groepen psychofarmaca uitleg geven over:.............................................36
Antdepressiva..................................................................................................................................36
Verschillende soorten met indicate.............................................................................................36
De erking....................................................................................................................................37
Bij erkingen.................................................................................................................................37
Interactes.....................................................................................................................................37
Gevaren........................................................................................................................................37
Stemmingsstabilisatoren..................................................................................................................37
Verschillende soorten.......................................................................................................................37
Indicates......................................................................................................................................38
De erking....................................................................................................................................38
Bij erkingen.................................................................................................................................38
Interactes.....................................................................................................................................38
Gevaren........................................................................................................................................38
Anoiolytca (kalmerings- (sedatva) en slaapmiddelen(hypnotca))...................................................39
Verschillende soorten...................................................................................................................39
Indicates......................................................................................................................................39
De erking....................................................................................................................................40
Bij erkingen.................................................................................................................................40
Interactes.....................................................................................................................................40
Gevaren........................................................................................................................................40
Psychostmulanta bij ADHD.............................................................................................................40
Verschillende soorten...................................................................................................................40
Indicates......................................................................................................................................40
De erking....................................................................................................................................40
Bij erkingen.................................................................................................................................41
Interactes.....................................................................................................................................41
Gevaren........................................................................................................................................41
Ont ikkelingsstoornissen (verstandelijke beperkingen en autsme)....................................................41
Autsme spectrum stoornis...................................................................................................................41
Klassiek autsme...............................................................................................................................41
Syndroom van Asperger...................................................................................................................42
Verstandelijke beperking..................................................................................................................42
Oorzaak.........................................................................................................................................42
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................43
ADHD................................................................................................................................................43
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................43
5
,Psychische stoornissen aarbij lichamelijke klachten op de voorgrond staan.....................................43
Somatoforme stoornis......................................................................................................................43
Verschillende varianten................................................................................................................43
Hoe te herkennen?.......................................................................................................................44
Eetstoornissen......................................................................................................................................45
Anoreoia nervosa..............................................................................................................................45
Symptomen..................................................................................................................................45
Gevolgen.......................................................................................................................................45
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................45
Boulimia nervosa..............................................................................................................................45
Triggers.........................................................................................................................................45
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................46
Oefenmeerkeuzevragen.......................................................................................................................46
Verpleegkunde
Je kunt de oorzaken, symptomen, behandeling en
prognose van schizofrenie en andere psychotische
stoornissen herkennen en beschrijven
Schizofrenie
Is een ernstge en compleoe psychiatrische ziekte, die gepaard gaat met psychoses. men verlies
het contact met de erkelijkheid.
Openbaart zich vaak rond de pubertjd, de tjd van grote persoonlijke veranderingen.
Oorzaak
- Erfelijkheid
- Belastende omstandigheden (stressvolle situates) zo k etsbaar dat men een psychose
krijgt
Symptomen
- Wanen
- Hallucinates
- Wegvallen van de samenhang in spreken en denken
- Onlogische gedragingen
- Gebrek aan emotes en motvate
- Katatonie (motorische achteruitgang, terugtrekkende of juist op indende symptomen,
herhaalde handelingen (echolalie, echopraoie, grimassen))
Bovenstaande symptomen moeten gedurende minimaal zes maanden optreden. Wanneer deze
verschijnselen in een periode samenkomen psychose.
6
, Behandeling
- In de GGZ instelling hierbij hoort goede voorlichtng over de voortekenen van een
psychose aan deze patënten.
- Medicate: antpsychotca bestrijden de symptomen
- Psychotherapie Cogniteve gedragstherapie
Prognose
Meestal is schizofrenie een levenslange ziekte. Bij mensen die de ziekte op jonge leefijd krijgen is het
vooruitzicht minder gunstg - hoe eerder, hoe slechter. Cannabis (blo en) verhoogt de kans op
schizofrenie.
Schizofreniforme stoornis
De Schizofreniforme stoornis heef dezelfde kenmerken als schizofrenie.
Schizofreniforme stoornis duurt nooit langer dan zes maanden. Er ordt dus niet voldaan aan de
minimale duur van een half jaar, zoals bij schizofrenie het geval is.
Schizoafectieee stoornis
Hierbij heb je last van een stemmingsstoornis, zoals depressie of een manie. Ook heef men last van
psychotsche symptomen. Deze ziekte staat dus tussen bipolaire stoornis en schizofrenie in.
De bipolaire stoornis is gekenmerkt door manische en depressieve perioden, hierbij komen soms ook
psychoses voor. Er is spraken van schizoafecteve stoornis als je naast psychoses ook last hebt van
symptomen die kenmerkend zijn voor schizofrenie anen, hallucinates, verminderde emote en
motvate.
Oorzaak
Is nog niet geheel bekend.
- Erfelijkheid speelt aarschijnlijk een grote rol
Symptomen
De symptomen verschillen per persoon. Niet iedereen heef last van een manie én depressie, maar
el één van beide.
Symptomen van een depressie
- Slaapproblemen; veel slapen of juist einig
- Eetproblemen; einig eten of juist veel
- Somberheid en futloosheid
- Gebrek aan initatef
- Verminderde prestates op erk of school
- Denken aan de dood of aan zelfmoord
- Sneller geïrriteerd raken
- Huilbuien
- Minder zin hebben in seks
- Bij mannen: erectestoornissen
- Een negatef zelfeeld
- Trager denken, be egen en reageren
- Concentrateproblemen
- Besluiteloosheid
7
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