IT 33 8 Ethical Hacking Review Exam Q & A 2024 1. During a penetration test, you discover an open port on the target system. Which of the following is the most likely next step? A. Perform a denial of service attack B. Conduct a service version check C. Launch a phishing campaign D. Deploy a Trojan horse Answer: B. Conduct a service version check Rationale: After finding an open port, the next l ogical step is to determine the version of the service running. This information can be used to identify known vulnerabilities. 2. What is the primary goal of footprinting in cybersecurity? A. To map out the target network's architecture B. To delet e logs and traces of reconnaissance activities C. To establish a backdoor for future access D. To disrupt the target's operations Answer: A. To map out the target network's architecture Rationale: Footprinting is the process of collecting as mu ch information as possible about a target system to find opportunities to penetrate it. 3. Which scanning technique is most effective for avoiding detection by intrusion detection systems (IDS)? A. Aggressive scanning B. Stealth scanning C. UDP scanning D. ARP scanning Answer: B. Stealth scanning Rationale: Stealth scanning techniques, such as SYN scans, are designed to be less detectable by IDS by not completing the TCP handshake. 4. In the context of ethical hacking, what is the main purpose of using Trojans? A. To repair corrupted files B. To create a secure connection C. To gain unauthorized access to a system D. To encrypt data for confidentiality Answer: C. To gain unauthorized access to a system Rationa le: Trojans are malicious programs that are used to provide a backdoor to a system, allowing an attacker to gain unauthorized access. 5. When conducting host reconnaissance, which of the following is a primary target for gathering information? A. The p hysical location of the server room B. The operating system and network services C. The company's social media accounts D. The firewall's brand and model Answer: B. The operating system and network services Rationale: Host reconnaissance foc uses on identifying the operating system, services, and applications running on the target host, which are crucial for finding vulnerabilities. 6. Which type of system attack specifically targets wireless network protocols like WLAN? A. Phishing attack B. Man -in-the-middle attack C. SQL injection attack D. Deauthentication attack Answer: D. Deauthentication attack Rationale: A deauthentication attack targets wireless networks by forcibly disconnecting devices from the network, often as a precursor to further attacks. 7. What is the primary function of a firewall in a network security context? A. To serve web pages B. To filter incoming and outgoing traffic C. To host websites D. To provide email services Answer: B. To filter incoming and outgoing traffic Rationale: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization's previously established security policies. 8. Which of th e following best describes the purpose of procedural documentation in cybersecurity?
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