Nur 4010 Exam 1 Questions With 100% Correct Answers

Nur 4010 Exam 1 Questions With 100% Correct Answers Components of a health history - answerdemographics chief complaint/history of present illness past health history family history review of systems (growth and development) developmental history (gross and fine motor skills) functional history (daily routine, safety items, well child checks) family composition Normal HR range for infants - answer80-150 Normal RR range for infants - answer25-55 Normal HR range for toddlers - answer70-120 Normal RR range for toddlers - answer20-30 Normal HR range for preschool - answer65-110 Normal RR range for preschool - answer20-25 Normal HR range for school age - answer60-100 Normal RR range for school age - answer14-26 How do you determine a pulse for a child under 10 years old? - answerauscultate apical pulse for one minute How do you determine a resp rate for infants? - answerauscultate breath sounds for one minute At what age do children normally start having their BP checked? - answer3 years and older, younger with risk factors How often should you measure head circumference for children? - answerat well child visits and during hospitalizations until age 3 What general rule should be followed when doing an assessment on a child? - answerleast invasive to most invasive When should a genitalia/anus assessment occur for most children vs. an adolescent? - answerafter the abdomen for most children at the end of the exam for adolescents What clothing should an infant have on during an assessment? - answerundress but leave diaper on at first, then change when assessing genitalia and anus If an infant is asleep, what should you assess first? - answerauscultate heart, lungs, and abdomen How should you remove clothing when assessing a toddler? - answerone at a time Assessment strategies for infants - answerincorporate caregivers calm/soothing voice bright toys Assessment strategies for toddler - answerexplain equipment and play use caregivers positive reinforcement and praise invasive parts last Assessment strategies for preschoolers - answersimple explanations for each step allow them to help offer choices provide praise Assessment strategies for school age - answerallow them to wear underwear under their gown use language they can understand privacy truth and simple explanations Assessment strategies for adolescents - answerprivacy, consider having caregivers leave expose only the area you are assessing discuss physical changes that are occuring allow them to ask questions How long can fontanelles remain open for? - answer18 months Abnormal/normal? Drainage from ears - answerabnormal How long are infants obligate nose breathers? - answer4 months How long is abdominal breathing normal for? - answeruntil age 6 At what age are alveoli fully developed? - answerage 7 Where should you auscultate the apical pulse from ages 4-7? - answer3-4th intercostal space, left midclavicular line Where should you auscultate the apical pulse from ages 7 and older? - answer5th intercostal space Why are children more prone to electrolyte imbalances? - answereasily dehydrated Describe physiological manifestations of pain in children - answertachycardia tachypnea hypertension pupil dilation pale, sweaty skin color changes Describe pscyhological manifestations of pain in children - answerknitted brows, squinted eyes, closed tight crying jerky, flailing movement stiff posture distressed, anxious, irritable, lethargic restlessness, agitation, hyperalert sleep disturbances QUESTT approach - answerquestion the child and caregivers use a reliable and valid pain scale evaluate child's behavior/physiologic changes to establish baseline secure caregivers involvement take cause of pain into account take action Developmental considerations for pain: toddlers - answercan't give description of pain, limited vocab Developmental considerations for pain: preschool - answermay be quiet, withdrawn, may think pain is punishment, assumes nurse knows they are in pain Developmental considerations for pain: school age - answerable to communicate type, location, and severity but may try to be brave for caregivers, may think treated pain may hurt more Developmental considerations for pa