Samenvatting van het vak inleiding tot de sociologie met schema's uit de powerpoints, nota's uit de lessen en extra aantekeningen uit het handboek.
Deze samenvatting bevat:
- Hoofdstuk 7 : Moderne samenlevingen zijn altijd multicultureel
- Hoofdstuk 8 : Levenslang leren om in het gareel te lopen
-...
Inleiding tot de sociologie
Inhoud
1. Organisatis........................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Difnitiie.......................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Drii traditis.................................................................................................................................4
1.2.1 Ratiniei traditi...................................................................................................................4
1.2.2 Natuureijki traditi.................................................................................................................4
1.2.3 Opin systiim traditi...........................................................................................................4
1.3 Idiaaetypis...................................................................................................................................5
1.3.1 Assiciati...............................................................................................................................5
1.3.2 Priburiaucratscci irganisati.............................................................................................5
1.3.3 Buriaucratscci irganisati..................................................................................................5
1.4 Diiein, middiein in imgiving van di irganisati......................................................................6
1.4.1 Diiein in middiein im zi ti biriikin.................................................................................6
1.4.2 Ongieijkciid in iin irganisati..............................................................................................7
1.4.3 Hit cintnginti karaktir van di irganisati.........................................................................7
1.5 Kinmirkin van irganisatis.........................................................................................................8
1.5.1 Cinfgurati...........................................................................................................................8
1.5.2 Ciördinati............................................................................................................................8
1.5.3 cimpeixitiit...........................................................................................................................8
1.5.4 cimpeianci / firmaeisiring....................................................................................................8
1.5.5 Cintraeisati...........................................................................................................................9
1.5.6 Cimmunicati........................................................................................................................9
1.5.7 Cimpinsati..........................................................................................................................9
1.5.8 Cuetuur.................................................................................................................................10
1.6 Cinceusii....................................................................................................................................10
2. Ongieijkciid is van aeei tjdin. Ovir di gieaagdciid van di samineiving........................................11
2.1 Siciaei acctirgrind....................................................................................................................11
2.2 Typis van siciaei virsccieein......................................................................................................12
2.3 Briukeijnin..................................................................................................................................13
2.4 Viir siirtin van siciaei virsccieein............................................................................................13
2.4.1 Siciaei fragmintati............................................................................................................13
2.4.2 Siciaei uitseuitng.................................................................................................................14
2.4.3 Siciaei difirintati............................................................................................................14
1
, 2.4.4 Siciaei ingieijkciid.............................................................................................................14
2.5 Keassin........................................................................................................................................14
2.5.1 Mibieitiit.............................................................................................................................15
2.6 Cinceusii....................................................................................................................................16
3. Midirni samineivingin zijn aetjd muetcueturiie...........................................................................17
3.1 Diir di igin van andirin.........................................................................................................17
3.2 Waarviir staat cuetuur?.............................................................................................................17
3.3 Cuetuur mit iin griti in keiini c..............................................................................................18
3.4 Cuetuurie iin patriin van waardin, nirmin, diieiindin in virwacctngin.............................19
3.4.1 Waardin..............................................................................................................................19
3.4.2 Nirmin................................................................................................................................20
3.4.3 Diieiindin..........................................................................................................................20
3.4.4 (Rie)virwacctngin..............................................................................................................20
3.5 Di ini cuetuur is di andiri niit.................................................................................................21
3.5.1 Virsccieein tussin cigi in eagi cuetuur..............................................................................21
3.5.2 Diminanti in gidiminiirdi cueturin, tigincueturin in subcueturin..............................21
3.5.3 Virsccieein in di tjd............................................................................................................22
3.5.4 Virsccieein in di siciaei ruimti...........................................................................................22
3.6 Cuetuurbisccaving......................................................................................................................22
3.7 Insttutis in insttutinaeisiring................................................................................................22
3.8 Hit gizinie iin primairi griip in insttuti................................................................................22
3.9 Cinceusii....................................................................................................................................23
4. Livinseang eirin im in cit gariie ti eipin......................................................................................24
4.1 Cuetuur wirdt aangieiird...........................................................................................................24
4.2 Siciaeisati in caar functis........................................................................................................25
4.3 Siciaeisatiie primair, sicundair in tirtair..................................................................................26
4.4 Cinfirmismiie gidrag ziaes cit ciirt........................................................................................27
4.5 Siciaei cintriei in sanctis........................................................................................................27
4.6 Di spanning tussin cueturiie aanvaardi diiestieeingin in middiein........................................28
4.7 Cinceusii....................................................................................................................................29
5. Maatsccappieijki virandiringin.....................................................................................................30
5.1 Virandiringin............................................................................................................................30
5.2 Diccitimiiënie iud vs niiuw......................................................................................................30
5.3 Dinkin in miirviud..................................................................................................................31
5.4 Endigini in ixigini factirin..................................................................................................31
5.5 Niviaus van siciaei virandiring.................................................................................................32
2
, 5.6 Midirnisiring............................................................................................................................32
5.7 Structuriei difirintati............................................................................................................33
5.8 Ratinaeisiring............................................................................................................................34
5.9 Individuaeisiring..........................................................................................................................34
5.10 Dimistciring van di natuur...................................................................................................35
5.11 Wat di tiikimst ins bringt....................................................................................................36
6. Di tiistand vandaag? Viirtzitng van cit vireidin if bruuski briukin vandaag?.....................37
6.1 Wievaartspiie..............................................................................................................................37
6.2 Ticcnieigiscci intwikkiein in di icinimiscci cirstructuriring............................................38
6.3 Geibaeisiring...............................................................................................................................39
6.4 Individuaeisiring..........................................................................................................................40
6.5 Pistmidirnismi in risicimaatsccappij.....................................................................................41
6.6 Virzirgingsstaat.........................................................................................................................43
6.7 Ovirgang van divirsitiit naar cypirdivirsitiit...........................................................................43
6.8 camvraag viir siciieigin..........................................................................................................44
6.9 Cinceusii....................................................................................................................................44
3
, 1. Organisaties
Organisatiie substantif (min if miir zicctbari wirkieijkciid), maar ‘eig,, starciid,
inpirsiineijkciid (nigativi cinnitati)
vbie ziikincuis, scciie, ..
Organisirinie structuririn, firmaeisirin, systimatsirin, discipeinirin, viirspiebaarciid, …
(patrinin), efficiëntic, efefictef in doelmati (fixibieirie irganisati kan dingin virandirin)
1.1 Definitie:
-> Ein biwust gipeandi cinfgurati, maar kunnin wie dingin virandirin, aanpassin
-> ipgiricct im iin if miir spicifiki diiein ti biriikin (ifciënti, ifictif, duurzaamciid,
piipei, peanit, prift)
-> iin min if miir intwikkied stie van firmiei spierigies
-> iin rieatif vasti virdieing van macct, rieein in virantwiirdieijkcidin (irganigram is niit
rieeinvirdieing, maar tiint wii di macct ciif)
-> inafankieijk van di pirsiineijki kinmirkin van di eidin dii dizi rieein ip iin gigivin
mimint, wirknimir is nit ziaes di keant maar iin nummir in di indirniming
-> viirspiebaar in virwacct gidrag impeiciirt in migieijk maakt (inafankieijk wii cit diit, cit
gidrag is viirspiebaar, zae gibiurin) ripittivi arbiid, nadiie van spiciaeisati
1.2 Drie tradities
1.2.1 Rationele traditie
riaeisiirt di diiein, ciie inpirsiineijk, ciudt giin rikining mit di minsin, ipirativi diiein,
systiim diiein (vb buriaucrati)
->Ofciëei diieinie diiein dii in bigin zijn ipgisccrivin bij ipricctng, stcctngsakti
->Opirativi diieinie diiein dii zicc dagdagieijks viirdiin (eiviringin dii ir niit ip tjd zijn, ..)
->Systiimdiieinie bidriigingin dii irganisati kint in cii wi kunnin viirtbistaan
Peanmatg in cinsistint ti wirk gaan
-> eian managimintie aeei ixtra arbiid pribirin wig ti wirkin, ciie tjdbisparind wirkin, aeei
wasti iruit caein
1.2.2 Natuurlijke traditie
Dinkt aan di minsin, wat bitikinin di minsin viir di irganisati
Siciaae systiim
Siciaae candieindi minsin
Is niit cimbiniirbaar mit ratiniei traditi, wie mit andiri
vbie gimiinsccapsgiviie
1.2.3 Open systeem traditie
Omgivingie
-> Aeei ieimintin (gibiurtinissin, actvitiitin, actirin, middiein) dii ieen diie uitmakin van di
irganisati.
Cintngintibinadiringie Aes irganisatis wieein ivireivin, niidzaak aan iin giidi rieati mit cun
imgiving,
Besfichouwtic orianisates als open systicemen, die door de omievini worden beïnvloed en waarmee ze
rekenini moeticen houden (en die door de orianisate wordtic beïnvloed). Omieviniskenmerken zijn de
eficonomisfiche sticruficticuur en ficonjunficticuur (ficrisis, ficonficurrenticen, de beurs), de maaticsfichappelijke
onticwikkelinien (arbeidsmarktic, afzeticmarktic, vakbonden, iezinspaticronen), de politeke onticwikkelinien
4
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