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ARDMS Renal sonography review 2024/2025 (100% verified) A+ grade assured
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ARDMS Renal sonography review 2024/2025 (100% verified) A+ grade assured
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ARDMS Renal sonography reviewWhat is the order of the renal stack? A-P - ANSAnterior- Vein
Middle- Artery
Posterior- Ureter
What is another name for the fibrous sheath enclosing the kidney and adrenal glands? -
ANSGerota's fascia or perirenal space
At the renal hilum what is the order of the arteries in the kidneys? Mid to Lat - ANSMain renal
artery
Segmental arteries
Interlobar arteries
Arcuate arteries
Interlobular arteries
What is the term for two kidneys visualized on one side of the abdomen and ureters connected
on both sides of the bladder (one ureter crosses midline)? - ANSCrossed fused renal ectopia
Discoid or pancake kidney is aka? - ANSFused pelvic kidney
A common variant of cortical thickening on the lateral aspect of the left kidney. - ANSDromedary
hump
Triangular hyperechoic area on the anterior aspect of the upper pole of the right kidney, known
as fetal lobulation. AKA? - ANSJunctional Parenchymal Defect
Complete (two ureters), incomplete (one ureter) located within one kidney. AKA? - ANSDuplex
kidney
Hypertrophy of the renal cortical parenchyma located between two medullary pyramids.
Appears to be a mass with isoechoic properties to the cortical tissue. - ANSColumn of Bertin
Renal abnormality commonly associated with a bicornuate uterus in females and seminal
vesicle agenesis in males. - ANSUnilateral renal agenesis
Appearing as a cystic collection medial to the renal hilum located outside of the renal sinus. -
ANSExtrarenal pelvis
Common cause of urinary obstruction in male neonatal patients with sonographic findings of:
larger bladder
hydroureter
, hydronephrosis
urinoma - ANSPosterior urethral valve
4 types of renal cysts are? - ANSsimple cortical cysts
pyelogenic cysts
parapelvic cysts
peripelvic cysts
Cysts located in the periphery of the kidney are termed? - ANSCortical/parechymal cysts
Cysts located in the center of the kidney are termed? - ANSPeripelvic cysts
Presents as bilateral renal enlargement caused by numerous cysts.
Associated cysts in liver, pancreas, and spleen.
Advanced stages lead to renal failure and hypertension
Associated with arterial aneurysms (especially cerebral artery aneurysms of the circle of Willis) -
ANSAutosomal Dominant (Adult) Polycystic Kidney Disease
Most common genetically determined childhood cystic disease of the kidneys - ANSAutosomal
Recessive (Infantile) Polycystic Kidney disease
Most common cause of an abdominal mass in newborns (unilateral or bilateral).
Non-functioning kidney consists of non-communicating cysts with absence of renal parenchyma.
Usually the result of atresia of the ureteropelvic junction during fetal development. -
ANSMulticystic Dysplastic Kidney
Development of multiple cysts in chronically failed kidneys during long-term hemodialysis.
Hemorrhage often occurs into these acquired renal cysts, resulting in pain and hematuria.
Associated with an increased incidence of renal cell carcinomas. - ANSAcquired Cystic Disease
Due to urinary stasis calcium deposits form in medullary pyramids.
These deposits may be seen as hyperechoic medullary pyramids on ultrasound. -
ANSMedullary Sponge Kidney
Renal cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, islet cell tumors, renal cysts, and pancreatic cysts
should all be considered when a patient presents with what disease? - ANSVon Hippel-Lindau
Disease
Hyperechoic benign renal tumor.
AKA renal hamartoma.
Associated with tuberous sclerosis. - ANSAngiomyolipoma
A multi-system genetic disease that causes benign tumors to grow on major organs and
commonly affecting the central nervous system.
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