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Markscan Samenvatting - behaald met 7,1
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Markscan moeilijkste tentamen van Commerciële Economie, na meerdere keren het moeten maken. Is dit de beste samenvatting van de stof
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MarktscanCommerciële Economie, Hogeschool Utrecht 2023-2024
1
,Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1 – Onderneming en algemene economie ............................................................................................ 6
Bedrijfsomgeving ................................................................................................................................................ 6
Directe omgeving ................................................................................................................................................ 6
Indirecte omgeving ............................................................................................................................................. 6
Ruime omgeving.................................................................................................................................................. 6
Basis aspecten VN (Verenigde naties) ................................................................................................................. 6
SDG (sustainable development goals)................................................................................................................. 6
Begrippen ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
Berekeningen ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
Hoofdstuk 2 – markt ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Soorten markten ................................................................................................................................................. 8
Aantal werknemers criterium ............................................................................................................................. 8
De prijs ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Classificatie van bedrijven ................................................................................................................................... 8
Economische orde ............................................................................................................................................... 9
!!! Waarden, normen en instituties !!! ........................................................................................................... 9
Begrippen ............................................................................................................................................................ 9
Hoofdstuk 3 – de vraag ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Bevrediging van behoeftes ................................................................................................................................ 10
Basis behoeften ............................................................................................................................................. 10
Overige behoeften ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Factoren die het consumentengedrag beïnvloeden ......................................................................................... 10
!!! De vraagcurve !!! .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Beweging van de vraag curve ............................................................................................................................ 11
Kruislingse elasticiteit kan positief, negatief of nul zijn: ................................................................................... 12
!!! Inkomenselasticiteit !!! ................................................................................................................................ 12
Overige: ............................................................................................................................................................. 13
Begrippen .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
Hoofdstuk 4 – Het aanbod .................................................................................................................................... 14
Verschillende soorten kosten: .......................................................................................................................... 14
Variabele kosten ............................................................................................................................................... 14
!!! Marginale kosten in schema !!! .................................................................................................................... 15
!!! Vier verschillende marktvormen !!! ............................................................................................................. 17
!!! Schaalvoordelen !!! ...................................................................................................................................... 18
!!! Marktevenwicht !!! ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Evenwichtstpijs ................................................................................................................................................. 19
!!! Overheidsinvloed op prijzen: maximum en minimum !!! ............................................................................ 19
2
, Begrippen .......................................................................................................................................................... 20
Hoofdstuk 5 – Concurrentie-intensiteit ................................................................................................................ 21
Het vijfkrachtenmodel van Porter ..................................................................................................................... 21
3 soorten concurrentie-intensiteit .................................................................................................................... 21
De diamant van Porter ...................................................................................................................................... 22
Begrippen .......................................................................................................................................................... 24
Hoofdstuk 6 – structuur van de markt .................................................................................................................. 25
!!! Structuur, gedrag, resultaat (SGR-model) !!! ............................................................................................... 25
!!! SGR-model toegepast op 4 marktvormen !!! .............................................................................................. 25
Toetredingsbelemmeringen tot een bedrijfstak ............................................................................................... 25
Productlevenscyclus .......................................................................................................................................... 26
!!! Bedrijfsontwikkeling en productlevenscyclus !!!......................................................................................... 26
!!! Juridische mogelijkheden voor concentratie !!! ........................................................................................... 26
Overige .............................................................................................................................................................. 27
Hoofdstuk 7 – meso economie en onderneming .................................................................................................. 28
Strategisch plannen ........................................................................................................................................... 28
Het managementproces .................................................................................................................................... 28
Strategisch managementproces........................................................................................................................ 28
SWOT-analyse ................................................................................................................................................... 28
Concurrentieel voordeel ................................................................................................................................... 28
Kritische succesfactoren.................................................................................................................................... 29
Prestatie indicator ............................................................................................................................................. 29
Hoofdstuk 9 – productiefactoren .......................................................................................................................... 30
Kapitaalcoëfficiënt ............................................................................................................................................ 30
Begrippen: ..................................................................................................................................................... 30
Arbeid: vraag en aanbod ................................................................................................................................... 30
Werkloosheid .................................................................................................................................................... 30
Bruto binnenlands product ............................................................................................................................... 31
Procentuele groei van de productie .................................................................................................................. 31
Oorzaken van loonstijging ................................................................................................................................. 31
Loon en loonkosten ........................................................................................................................................... 31
Loonkosten en de (loon)wig .......................................................................................................................... 31
Ontwikkelingen van de arbeidskosten p.e.p ..................................................................................................... 32
Winst, opbrengst en kosten per eenheid product ............................................................................................ 32
Invloed van een hogere arbeidsproductiviteit op winstmarge en marktaandeel ............................................. 32
Arbeidsinkomstenquote .................................................................................................................................... 33
Procentuele verandering van de AIQ (formule) ................................................................................................ 33
Natuur ............................................................................................................................................................... 33
3
, Begrippen .......................................................................................................................................................... 34
Hoofdstuk 11 – besteding ..................................................................................................................................... 35
Gezinnen / Consumptie..................................................................................................................................... 35
Koopkracht .................................................................................................................................................... 35
Bedrijven / investeringen .................................................................................................................................. 35
Diepte VS breedte ......................................................................................................................................... 35
Investeringen (tabel 11.1) ............................................................................................................................. 36
Overheid (inkomsten, bestedingen en uitgaven) .............................................................................................. 36
Overheidsbestedingen (formule) .................................................................................................................. 36
Buitenland / import en export .......................................................................................................................... 36
Intra- VS extra- EU-handel............................................................................................................................. 37
Begrippen .......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Hoofdstuk 12 – inkomensverdeling ...................................................................................................................... 38
Inkomensbegrippen .......................................................................................................................................... 38
Inkomensverdeling ............................................................................................................................................ 38
Type inkomen (bruto/netto) ............................................................................................................................. 38
Lorenzencurve ................................................................................................................................................... 38
Oorzaken van verschillen in primair inkomens ................................................................................................. 38
Het sociale systeem........................................................................................................................................... 38
I/A ratio ............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Overige .............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Begrippen .......................................................................................................................................................... 40
Hoofdstuk 14 – conjunctuur ................................................................................................................................. 41
Conjunctuurgolven !!! (kondratieff, juglar en kitchen)!!! ................................................................................. 41
Conjunctuurcyclus (overbesteding/onderbesteding) ....................................................................................... 41
Conjunctuurbeleid............................................................................................................................................. 42
Inflatie en deflatie ............................................................................................................................................. 42
Overige .............................................................................................................................................................. 43
Hoofdstuk 15 – Economische relaties ................................................................................................................... 44
Economische kringloop ..................................................................................................................................... 44
Kringloop met gezinnen en bedrijven ........................................................................................................... 44
Economische kringloop van de EU .................................................................................................................... 45
De multiplier ..................................................................................................................................................... 46
Inverdieneffect .................................................................................................................................................. 46
Hoofdstuk 16 – macro-omgeving en onderneming .............................................................................................. 47
Macro-economische variabelen en bedrijfswinsten ......................................................................................... 47
Doorbereken van gestegen kosten in prijzen.................................................................................................... 47
Conjunctuurgevoeligheid en beleid .................................................................................................................. 47
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