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Study Guide CMN 577 Module 1
- Course
- CMN 557
- Institution
- University Of South Alabama
Module 1 StudyGuide- Emergency
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CMN557
Module
1
–
Emergency
PMHNP
Study
Guide
Sadock
chapter
32.1
Protective
factors
of
suicide
Include
cognitive
flexibility,
active
coping
strategies
in
difficult
life
situations,
healthy
lifestyles,
active
social
networks,
confidence
and
the
sense
of
personal
value,
and
the
ability
to
seek
advice
from
others
and
help
from
the
health
care
system
for
subsequent
treatment.
It
also
comprises
strategies
for
promoting
mental
health,
social
welfare,
and
education
policies.
Epidemiological
characteristics
of
suicide
–
compare
age
groups
The
WHO
report
“Preventing
suicide:
a
global
imperative”
published
in
2014
estimates
that
over
800,000
people
die
by
suicide,
and
more
than
20
million
attempt
suicide
each
year.
This
implies
that
every
40
seconds,
a
person
dies
by
suicide
somewhere
on
the
globe,
and
every
1.5
seconds,
someone
will
attempt
to
take
his/her
own
life.
However,
those
numbers
are
underreported,
as
not
all
countries
in
the
world
report
suicide
mortality
to
the
WHO.
Only
59
out
of
194
Member
States
have
good
quality
mortality
registration
data.
Furthermore,
in
countries
with
good
mortality
statistics,
suicides
can
be
misclassified
as
accidents,
homicides,
or
unknown
causes
of
death.
Annual
global
suicide
rates
are
15
for
males,
8
for
females,
and
11.4
per
100,000
population.
Globally,
suicides
account
for
52
percent
of
all
violent
deaths
in
men
and
71
percent
of
all
violent
deaths
in
women.
In
high-income
countries,
79
percent
of
violent
deaths
in
both
males
and
females
are
caused
by
suicide.
Suicide
occurs
in
all
regions
of
the
world
and
throughout
the
life
span,
and
it
accounts
for
1.4
percent
of
all
deaths
worldwide,
by
that,
ranking
as
the
15th
leading
cause
of
death.
Among
young
people
15
to
29
years
of
age,
suicide
is
the
second
leading
cause
of
death
globally
after
traffic
accidents
and
accounts
for
8.5
percent
of
all
deaths. Suicide
rates
for
males
are
highes
t
in
Europe,
followed
by
Southeast
Asia
and
Western
Pacific.
Suicide
rates
for
females
are
highest
in
Southeast
Asia
and
Western
Pacific.
In
Table
32.1–3
,
the
absolute
numbers,
crude,
and
age-adjusted
suicide
rates
per
100,000
persons
in
each
state
in
the
United
States
are
shown.
The
age-adjusted
suicide
rate
for
the
United
States
is
12.6
per
100,000
population.
The
highest
age-adjusted
suicide
rates
are
in
Montana,
Alaska,
Wyoming,
Utah,
New
Mexico,
Idaho,
Colorado,
Nevada,
South
Dakota,
while
the
lowest
are
in
the
District
of
Columbia,
New
Jersey,
New
York,
Massachusetts,
and
Connecticut.
Within
the
same
region,
suicide
rates
can
vary
from
one
district
to
another.
Therefore,
it
is
important
for
tailored
suicide
prevention
to
survey
local
data
from
both
population
and
clinical
settings,
as
risk
groups
and
risk
factors
can
vary
considerably
at
the
local
level.
Socio-demographic
factors
-
risk
for
suicide
related
to
marital
status,
occupational
status,
age,
and
health
status
In
low-
and
middle-income
countries,
the
male-to-female
ratio
of
age
standardized
suicide
rates
is
approximately
1:6
in
comparison
with
highincome
countries,
where
the
ratio
is
3:5.
Differences
between
genders
in
coping
with
stress
and
conflicts,
patterns
of
alcohol
consumption
and
helpseeking
behaviors
for
mental
disorders,
as
well
as
access
to
lethal
methods
to
suicide
can
explain
regional
and
gender
differences. Suicide
rates
are
highest
both
for
males
and
females
in
persons
aged
70
years
and
olde
r
in
nearly
all
regions
of
the
world.
Young
adults
and
elderly
women
have,
however,
much
higher
suicide
rates
in
low-
and
middleincome
countries
than
in
high-income
countries.
The
opposite
has
been
found
among
middle-aged
men
in
high-income
countries,
who
show
a
much
higher
suicide
rate
than
middle-aged
men
in
low-
to
middle-income
Countries.
Status
of
being
unmarried,
divorced,
widowed,
elderly,
unemployed,
immigrant,
and
having
different
sexual
orientation
are
risk
factors
increasing
the
propensity
for
suicide.
Moreover,
individuals
in
the
armed
forces,
veterans,
prisoners,
and
indigenous
people
have
an
increased
risk
of
suicide.
Since
Durkheim,
religion,
marriage,
and
parental
responsibilities
are
known
key
factors
that
play
a
crucial
role
in
controlling
suicide
impulses.
Moreover,
the
impact
of
values,
social
political
trends,
societal
patterns
of
drug
and
alcohol
use,
and
violence
is
also
of
great
relevance.
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