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Anatomie en Radiologische Anatomie: LP4 samenvatting
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Samenvatting van 6 pagina's voor het vak Anatomie en radiologische anatomie aan de UA (LP4 samenvatting)
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LP4: Inleiding tot het zenuwstelsel1. De anatomie van een neuron
Dendrieten – nucleus – synaps – axon – cellichaam – myeline
schede – knoop van Ranvier – richting impuls (AP) –
neurotransmitters – ganglion
Indeling neuronen obv vorm: OF: Indeling neuronen obv functie:
- Afferente /sens
- Efferente/motor
- Interneuronen /schakel
Myeline: isolatie axonen – snellere impulsoverdracht – knoop van Ranvier
Witte stof = rijk aan gemyeliniseerde neuronen
Grijze stof = weinig gemyeliniseerde neuronen, veel
zenuwcellen of kortere axonen
Verdeling ruggenmerg - hersenen
2. Het zenuwstelsel
, 3. Het somatisch zenuwstelsel en somatische plexussen: inl
= willekeurige bewegingen, rechtstreekse verbinding CZ → doelorgaan (meestal spier) en
veel gemyeliniseerde axonen
! ook reflexen
Spinale zenuwen:
sensorische/afferente:
- Komen dorsaal aan
- Cellichamen liggen
dicht bij CZS in dorsale
ganglion: meestal 1
lange dendriet en kort
axon
Motorische/efferente:
- Vertrekken ventraal
- Cellichamen liggen
meestal in CZS, heel
lang axon
Spinale zenuwen komen eruit door foramen intervertrebrale
Reflexboog: hersenen gebypassd:
Plexussen = zenuwvlechten (waar rami samenkomen)
4. Ruggenmerg segment:
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