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GCSE Geography OCR B: Birmingham Case Study
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Notes on the case study for the city in an AC: Birmingham. For unit 5: urban futures
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Birmingham Case StudyLocation and background
Second largest city in the UK with a population of about 1.1 million
Located in the Centre of England, West Midlands region, north-west to Coventry
Used to be centre for manufacturing, now shopping
Migration there over time
Metalworking began in Birmingham
Canal built in 1769
Railway to Manchester in 1837, another to London in 1838
During the industrial revolution it grew into a large industrial city, attracting lots of workers
After WW2 factories closed, causing the population to fall
During the 1950s and 1960s, people immigrated from south Asia and the West Indies
Importance of the city
Multicultural; one of the largest Pakistani communities, largest Irish community in England
12 000 students’ study in Birmingham’s 4 universities
Has many transport connections: airport nearby and motorways surrounding it
Jewellery Quarter is largest jewellery centre in Europe
Second most important financial centre in UK
Fastest rate of job growth in UK
Life there
The Bullring provides a varied shopping experience with pedestrianised streets to encourage more
shoppers.
The Rotunda has been converted from offices into luxury apartments
35th best place to live in UK in 2015 survey
The city benefits from the diversity as it affects food, fashion and life
Challenges faced in the city
Inequality, some areas in the city enjoy have good QOL but other areas suffer deprivation.
Unemployment is more common in the city centre compared the edge of Birmingham
Sparkbrook is deprived city in the city centre
Sutton Four Oaks is a wealthy city in the suburbs
House price are higher in lesser deprived areas, so only wealthy people can live there
Sustainable initiatives
Library of Birmingham
2013
largest in UK
recycled 95% of waste during construction
employed over 250 people to reduce unemployment
roof garden attracts wildlife and improves biodiversity
attracts 2.5 million visitors per year
uses energy-efficient systems + uses natural daylight and ventilation
Birmingham energy savers: better insulation, double-glazing and new boilers
Midland Metro: rail/tram network extended into Birmingham city centre, creating jobs
District energy schemes: energy supplied from a combined heat and power plant; saves money and CO2
emissions. another scheme plans to burn waste for electricity for 40k homes
High Speed 2: HS2 is a railway between London and Birmingham which provides quicker alternatives to
road journeys.
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