WGU C954 Information Technology Management; Information Systems Terminology

WGU C954 Informat ion Technology Management ; Information Systems Terminology Autonomic computing A self -managed computer model named after and patterned on the human body's autonomic nervous system Real-time adaptive security The network security model necessary to accommodate the emergence of multiple perimeters and moving parts on the network and increasingly advance threats targeting enterprises Autonomous agent Software that carries out some set of operations on behalf of a user or another program with some degree of independence or autonomy and employs some knowledge of representation of the users goals or desires Virtual assistant (VA) The smal l program stored on a PC or portable device that monitors emails and faxes messages and phone calls Machine learning A type of artificial intelligence that enables computers to both understand concepts in the environment and also to learn Information of ev erything (IoE) A concept that extends the Internet of Things emphasis on machine to machine communication to describe a more complex system that encompasses people and processes Biological 3 -D printing Includes the proteins of skin and organs and is progre ssing from theory to reality 3-D printing Builds three -dimensional solid objects from a digital model layers by layer using an additive process Ambient digital experience A band of the physical, virtual, and electronic environment creating a real -time ambi ent environment that changes as the user moves from one place to another Network A communication system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate Wireless media Wireless media carry electro magnetic signals that represent the binary digits of data communications using radio or microwave frequencies. As a networking medium, wireless is not restricted to conductors or pathways, as are copper and fiber media. Wireless media provides the greatest mobility options of all media. Coaxial cable Cable that can carry a wide range of frequencies with low signal loss Fiber optic The technology for the transmission of data as light impulses along a glass wire or fiber Twisted pair cable A cable composed of four (or more) copper wires twisted around each other within a plastic sheath Wire media Transmission material (usually copper) that carries electrical signals Network transmission media Various types of media used to carry electrical signals between computers Internet protocol version 6 (iPv6) The sixth generation Internet protocol that replaced the fifth generation Internet protocol Transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP ) Provides the technical foundation for the public internet as well as for private networks Ethernet Ethernet is a family of wired computer networ king technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). Systems communicating over Ethernet divide a stream of data into shorter pieces called frames. Interoperability Capability of two o r more computer systems to share data and resources even though they are made by different manufacturers Network topology The topological structure of a network that may be depicted physically or logically. It is an application of graph theory wherein comm unicating devices are modeled as nodes and the connections between the devices are modeled as links or lines between the nodes. Protocol A standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission Router An intellig ent connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it towards its destination Packet switching Occurs when the sending computer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units called packets ea ch of which contains the address of the destination computer Network operating system NOS The operating system that runs a network steering information between computers and managing security and users Client server network A model for applications in whic h the bulk of the back end processing such as performing a physical search of a database takes place on a server while the front end processing which involves communicating with users is handled by the clients Peer to peer P2P network A computer network th at relies on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network rather than centralized server Metropolitan area network MAN A large computer network usually spanning a city Wide are network wan Spans large geographic area such as a state province or country Local area network LAN Designed to connect a group of computers in proximity to each other such as in an office building a school or a home Telecommunication system Enables the transmission da ta over public or private networks Location -based services (LBS) Applications that use location information to provide a service Geocoding Spatial data bases in the coding process that takes a digital map feature and assigns it an attribute that serves as a unique ID tract number node number or classification soil type zoning category Spatial data (geospatial data) Identifies the geographical location of features and boundaries on earth such as natural or constructed features oceans and more GIS map automat ion