Test Bank For Gender Psychological Perspectives 7th Edition by Linda Brannon. ISBN: 9781138182349.
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Test Bank Gender Psychological Perspectives 7th Edition by Linda Brannon.
ISBN: 9781138182349.
Gender Psychological Perspectives 7e test bank. Table of Contents-=1.The Study of Gender
2. Researching Sex and Gender
3. Gender Stereotypes: Masculinity and Femininity
4. Hormones and Chromosomes ...
TEST BANK Gender Psychological Perspectives 7th Edition
Chapter 1: The Study of Gender
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Those who believe that the differences between men and women have a biological basis hold
the ______ view.
a. nurturance
b. naturalist
c. minimalist
d. essentialist
Answer: d
2. The minimalist view holds that
a. the differences between the genders are large.
b. the differences between the genders are due to biological factors.
c. the differences between the genders are small.
d. no gender-related differences exist.
e. both a and b
Answer: c
3. The maximalist view holds that
a. the differences between the sexes are large.
b. male superiority is biologically based.
c. the differences between the sexes are small.
d. no differences exist between women and men.
Answer: a
4. Those who believe that the differences between the sexes are due to nature also tend to hold
that
a. differences between the sexes are biologically based.
b. differences between the sexes are based on social and cultural factors.
c. a mixture of biological and social factors creates differences.
d. genetic but not hormonal factors are the source of the differences.
Answer: a
5. Those who believe that the differences between the sexes are due to nurture believe that
a. differences between the sexes are biologically based.
b. differences between the sexes are based on social and cultural factors.
c. a mixture of biological and social factors creates differences.
d. genetic but not hormonal factors are the source of the differences.
Answer: b
6. Those who believe that gender differences are due to biological factors advocate _________
as the basis for differences, whereas those who believe that these differences are due to social and
cultural factors take the position that _____ is responsible.
a. nature . . . nurture
, b. nature . . . hormonal inheritance
c. nurture . . . nature
d. nurture . . . individual learning
Answer: a
7. Which of the following pairs represents views that are most similar and compatible?
a. nature: nurture
b. maximalist: minimalist
c. structuralism: behaviorism
d. essentialism: maximalism
Answer: d
8. By placing gender into categories conceptualized as opposites,
a. stereotypical thinking about gender decreases.
b. people begin to consider the similarities between women and men.
c. the differences between the genders are magnified.
d. people begin to understand the underlying biological basis of gender-related differences.
Answer: c
9. Exaggerations in gender-related differences tend to occur
a. in all cultures in very similar ways.
b. regardless of personal experience.
c. without forming stereotypes.
d. when people think of the genders in terms of opposites.
e. in all of the above situations.
Answer: d
10. If three sexes existed, then
a. gender-identity confusion would increase.
b. the tendency to think of women and men as opposites might decrease.
c. gender stereotypes would be more influential than they are now.
d. sexual relationships would not allow adequate matings for population maintenance.
Answer: b
11. Few early psychologists were women, mostly because
a. women did not have the intellectual ability to do the experiments that were the main work
of early psychology.
b. few women of that era wanted to attend professional school.
c. the programs that trained psychologists admitted few women.
d. there were no programs in the United States that trained psychologists until the 1920s,
and women were not allowed to travel to Europe.
Answer: c
12. The structuralist school of psychology
a. emphasized gender as a factor in human thought.
b. ignored gender as a factor in human thought.
c. included both women and men as participants in psychological research.
d. both a and c
e. none of the above
Answer: b
,13. Structuralist psychology concentrated on _________ and ________ individual differences,
including differences between men’s and women’s mental processes.
a. individual performance . . . emphasized
b. species-specific behavior . . . ignored
c. test performance . . . accepted
d. thought processes in adults . . . ignored
Answer: d
14. Early psychology did not concentrate on sex differences,
a. but many women were among the students and researchers.
b. and the “generalized adult mind” that it studied was most often male.
c. but female psychologists brought the issue to the attention of male psychologists,
resulting in a growing hostility to women in psychology.
d. and that trend continues in modern psychology.
Answer: b
15. Individual differences, including gender differences, were of interest to which group of early
psychologists?
a. structuralists
b. mnemonists
c. functionalists
d. maximalists
Answer: c
16. The functionalist school of psychology was influenced by
a. Darwin’s theory of evolution and adaptation.
b. Skinner’s formulation of operant conditioning principles.
c. Freud’s theory of the unconscious.
d. Gibson’s formulation of structural boundaries.
Answer: a
17. Functionalist psychologists conducted research that
a. showed that women were intellectually equal to men.
b. showed that maternal instinct did not exist.
c. confirmed the societal view that nonwhites were equal to Whites in intelligence.
d. confirmed the societal view that women and nonwhites were inferior in terms of
intelligence.
Answer: d
18. Psychologist Leta Stetter Hollingworth argued that women’s intellectual potential would not
be understood until
a. women had the freedom to choose a life including career, motherhood, or both.
b. female psychologists studied maternal instinct in more objective ways than the male
psychologists had done.
c. women gained the right to vote.
d. men began to participate equally in child care.
e. all of the above
Answer: a
19. One of the early criticisms of sexist bias in psychology came from
a. Wilhelm Wundt.
, b. William James.
c. Leta Stetter Hollingworth.
d. Karen Horney.
Answer: c
20. When behaviorism became the leading school of psychology,
a. interest in gender-related behaviors increased sharply.
b. interest in gender-related behaviors declined.
c. interest in gender-related behaviors remained, but the research emphasis became female
dominated.
d. more women started to become psychologists.
Answer: b
21. The main interest of behaviorist psychology was ________, and gender-related behaviors
were _________.
a. emotion . . . emphasized
b. motivation . . . ignored
c. memory . . . emphasized
d. learning . . . ignored
Answer: d
22. The era of “womanless” psychology existed when
a. women left research psychology to pursue the more prestigious and lucrative private
practices in clinical psychology.
b. women were not included as participants in psychology research.
c. gender-related differences were not among the topics researched by psychologists.
d. both b and c
e. all of the above
Answer: d
23. Women’s influence in psychology
a. was strongest early in the history of psychology, when the structuralist school dominated.
b. increased when psychology made the transition from functionalism to behaviorism.
c. increased during the 1970s, when women began to enter psychology in large numbers.
d. has been low throughout the history of psychology and continues today.
Answer: c
24. Freud’s theory of personality development emphasized the importance of
a. early childhood sexuality.
b. stages of development that extend into old age.
c. global factors in personality rather than specific events during childhood or adulthood.
d. conscious factors and defense mechanisms.
Answer: a
25. According to Freud’s theory, an important event in the development of gender differences is
a. appropriate reinforcement for gender-typical behaviors.
b. perception of the differences in anatomy between the sexes.
c. initiation of sexuality by the parent of the other gender.
d. fantasies of sexual activity involving adults.
Answer: b
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