Summary Cambridge International AS and A Level Geography second edition - Coastal landforms Waves
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Course
Coastal landforms
Institution
CIE
Book
Cambridge International AS and A Level Geography second edition
An in depth summary of A2 Cambridge International A level Geography, notes on waves, coastlines, erosion, deposition and transportation, littoral cells and a case study on the Holderness coast
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CIE
Geography
Coastal landforms
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→ discordant and changing direct on longshore drift of
↳ bands of rock sediment a- • "" " " " "" ""
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↳ perpendicular to co t
the direction of the prevailing winds
moves in
→ concordant coastline
↳ one type of rock → Whereas the backwash moves straight
parallel
the beach following a steep gradient
↳
down
wave
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WAVE FREQUENCY : the no qi sediment
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of waves per minute
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WAVE HEIGHT : me distance
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between the trough and
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pebbles along the coast
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up the beach in the same angle
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if a beach is not steep and inas •
power of wave depends on wave height
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the backwash carries the material
right
can
sand then the wind
lots of .
small increase in wave height means a
back down the beach At a decided
sand dunes direction of Ls :p is
go.ru,
large increase
in energy → the general
↳ special ecosystems form angye by the wind direction
prevailing
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flood currents move
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wave movement →
→ waves are a transfer of energy if the waves
point in water often
and bigger particles
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wearers from outgoing → ebb
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have up
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wind
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the
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and the sea surface
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the deep ocean the Sun is so to it strongly
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are different the pull creates a
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more
pulls the
large that it
on
time the wind blows at a certain
wind Duration how long in
g centre of the earth
bulge of water called
:
from those on shore
-
speed over a certain distance
the water's surface
gravity also a TIDE BULGE on the
affects tides side of the earth
which wind acts on
FETCH : me distance over
facing the moon
to generate waves
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Have and moon pull •
earth
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wavelength -
together on
waters in the same * occur 2 times a month
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↳
during NEW
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direction FULL a moon and a
moon when the Earth sun and
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→ .
moon are lined up
or at other times they
different
,
directions * spring tides have lower and higher tides
pun in
than normal
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of water
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mass
coastline
parallel to the coastline to the
2
→ round on steep beaches win row steepness waves
→ front face e crest of the wave remain relatively
smooth
→ the wave slides directly up the beach without breaking BEA H is usually very steep
→ a large proportion of wave energy is reflected at the beach
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generate large
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constructive waves break
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on the
with seabed contact •
Shore and deposit material
↳ building up beaches wind circulation around
p
the eye
•
low wave frequency ( 6 arriving per min)
.
of the hurricane blows down on
advance the ocean surface
•
when these waves over a
sea floor that are generated storm surges are changes in the
gently shelving
.
far offshore sea level caused by intense low
-
steepening
DINARD @ DUB
bar gradual
longshore ↳ this will then cause
pressure systems and high wind speeds
of the wave front
water near the shore
•
the Swash is stronger than the backwash can no longer be pushed
for every drop in air pressure of 10 Milli
d
↳ this is because of maintains maximum - down and
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energy because its not impeded .
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ising sea level by 1 metre
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they are from . big strong
, waves when the BBM @Tbf long short
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for a long time
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.
they are a result of locally generated RADKE NUT
→
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→ they occur when wave energy is high and 88020Mt @ Epi ? stronger swash stronger backwash
the wave has travelled over a icing fetch
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tend to erode the coast
↳ they
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