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Samenvatting B3 - Oren en gehoor
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Een volledige samenvatting van de module B3 'Oren en gehoor' uit de Klinische Vraagstukken. Voor de volledige inhoud: zie de inhoudsopgave.
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Samenvatting B3‘Oren en gehoor’
Daan Beers
Klinische vraagstukken – Cluster B
,Inhoudsopgave
Anatomie KNO-gebied................................................................................................................ 3
Auditieve systeem .................................................................................................................. 4
Cochlea ............................................................................................................................... 4
Orgaan van Corti................................................................................................................. 4
Van luchttrilling tot zenuwprikkel ...................................................................................... 4
Vestibulair systeem ................................................................................................................ 5
Vestibulaire haarcellen ....................................................................................................... 5
Otolithische organen .......................................................................................................... 6
Semicirculaire kanalen ....................................................................................................... 6
Oorpijn ........................................................................................................................................ 7
Otoscopie ........................................................................................................................... 7
Uitwendige oorpathologie ..................................................................................................... 7
Otitis externa ...................................................................................................................... 7
Middenoorpahtologie ............................................................................................................ 8
Otitis media acuta .............................................................................................................. 8
Tubadysfunctie ................................................................................................................... 8
Cholesteatoom ................................................................................................................... 8
Binnenoorpathologie.............................................................................................................. 9
Referred pain .......................................................................................................................... 9
Gehoorverlies ............................................................................................................................. 9
Weber- en Rinne-test ......................................................................................................... 9
Conductief gehoorverlies ..................................................................................................... 10
Revalidatie conductief gehoorverlies ............................................................................... 10
Perceptief gehoorverlies ...................................................................................................... 10
Revalidatie perceptief gehoorverlies ............................................................................... 11
Vertigo ...................................................................................................................................... 11
Oorzaken duizeligheid .......................................................................................................... 12
Centrale duizeligheid ........................................................................................................ 12
Perifere duizeligheid......................................................................................................... 12
Overige oorzaken van duizeligheid .................................................................................. 13
Diagnostiek duizeligheid....................................................................................................... 14
Nervus Facialis .......................................................................................................................... 14
Parese nervus facialis ........................................................................................................... 15
2
, Anatomie KNO-gebied
De tonsilla pharyngea bevindt zich naast de openingen van de
tuba auditiva. Zwelling van deze neusamandelen kan daardoor
zorgen voor een chronische afsluiting van de tuba auditiva en kan
daarmee leiden tot problemen in het middenoor. De spieren uit
het zachte gehemelte, die verbonden zijn aan de tuba auditiva,
zorgen ervoor dat deze tuba gecontroleerd geopend kan worden.
Hiervoor is o.a. de m. tensor veli palatini verantwoordelijk.
Het laterale 2/3 deel van de meatus acusticus externus bestaat uit kraakbeen, terwijl het
binnenste gedeelte bestaat uit bot. Ook is te zien dat de gehoorgang een knik bevat, die
klinisch relevant wordt wanneer met een otoscoop in het oor gekeken wordt. Door de
oorschelp omhoog en naar achter te trekken wordt een rechte gehoorgang gecreëerd.
3
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