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QUESTION 1
In comparing African Philosophy with Western philosophies, explain how empiricists
would define the four discourses of African Philosophy. (10)
Empiricism, as a philosophical stance, emphasizes the role of experience and sensory
perception in the acquisition of knowledge (Dukor, 2021). When applying empiricist
principles to the understanding of African philosophy and its four discourses includes
Ethnophilosophy, Sage Philosophy, Nationalist Ideological Philosophy, and
Professional Philosophy
Nature: This discourse focuses on the natural world and the relationship between
humans and the natural world. Empiricists would argue that knowledge should be
based on empirical evidence and observation of the natural world. Nationalist
Ideological Philosophy, which emerged in the context of African struggles for
independence and self-determination, would be scrutinized by empiricists through the
analysis of political movements, speeches, and written manifestos (Shalf, 2020).
Empiricists might investigate socio-political conditions, economic data, and historical
events to understand the empirical realities that shaped nationalist ideologies. They
would critically evaluate the empirical evidence supporting claims of cultural identity,
social justice, and political sovereignty put forth by African nationalists, seeking to
discern the empirical validity of their philosophical assertions.
Human Nature: This discourse focuses on the nature of humans and their place in
the natural world. Empiricists would argue that knowledge should be based on
empirical evidence and observation of human behaviour and experiences (Azizjon,
2022). Sage Philosophy is characterized by the wisdom and insights of revered
individuals within African societies, would be analysed by empiricists through the study
of the lives and teachings of these sages. Empiricists might conduct biographical
research, examining historical accounts and oral traditions to reconstruct the
philosophical perspectives of these figures. They would focus on empirical evidence
such as recorded speeches, writings, and interactions with disciples to discern the
empirical basis of their philosophical claims and the practical implications of their
wisdom.
Knowledge: This discourse focuses on the nature of knowledge and how it is
acquired. Empiricists would argue that knowledge is based on empirical evidence and
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