CHEMISTRY (CHEM 103) LAB REPORT 6 | PORTAGE
LEARNING|WITH PROCEDURES, EXPLANATION AND
FINAL RESULTS/ VERIFIED/LATEST UPDATE 2024-2025
Experiment #: 6
Title: Bonding and Properties
Purpose:
In this experiment we examined the infrared spectra and physical properties of
molecules. The purpose of examining the infrared spectra and physical properties was
to determine what kinds of intramolecular bonds are present within the molecules as well
as which kind of the molecular bonds were present between the molecules. For this
experiment, three smaller experiments were conducted using potassium chloride, ethyl
alcohol, acetic acid, N-butyl alcohol, T-butyl alcohol, N-propyl chloride, and pentane.
Procedure:
Solubility of potassium chloride in water:
Using a metal scoopula, transfer a small amount of potassium chloride into a small glass
volume test tube filled with approx. 5mL of room temp tap water and document its
molecular weight, actual boiling point, and its dipole moment (relative polarity).
Solubility of n-Pentane in water:
Use a small plastic eye dropper and transfer 1mL of n-Pentane into a small glass test
tube that has been filled with approx. 5mL of room temperature tap water. Record
observations. Next, agitate the test tube by physically shaking the test tube for about 5
seconds and document new observations.
Solubility of n-Propyl chloride in water:
Use a small plastic eye dropper to transfer about 1mL of n-Propyl chloride into a small
glass test tube that is filled with approximately 5mL of room temperature tap water and
document. Next, agitate by physically shaking the test tube for about 5 seconds and
document new observations.
Solubility of Ethyl alcohol in water:
Using a small plastic eye dropper transfer approximately 1mL of ethyl alcohol into a small
glass test tube that is filled with approximately 5mL of room temperature tap water and
document observations. Next, agitate the test tube by physically shaking it for about 5
seconds and document new observations.
Solubility of n-Butyl alcohol in water:
Using a small plastic eye dropper, transfer approximately 1mL of n-Butyl alcohol into a
small glass test tube that is filled with approximately 5mL of room temperature tap water
and record observations. Next, agitate the test tube by physically shaking it for about 5
seconds and document new observations.
, Solubility of t-Butyl alcohol in water:
Using a small plastic eye dropper, transfer approximately 1mL of t-Butyl alcohol into a
small glass test tube that is filled with approximately 5mL of room temperature tap water
and document observations. Next, agitate the test tube by physically shaking it for about
5 seconds and document new observations.
Solubility of Acetic acid in water:
Using a small plastic eye dropper, transfer approximately 1mL of acetic acid into a small
glass test tube that is filled with approximately 5mL of room temperature tap water and
record observations.
Solubility of n-Pentane in n-Propyl chloride:
Using a small plastic eye dropper, transfer approximately 3mL of n-propyl chloride into a
small glass test tube that is filled with approximately 3mL of n-Pentane and record
observations.
Solubility of Iodine in n-Pentane:
Using a metal scoopula, transfer 1 iodine crystal into a small glass test tube that is filled
with approximately 3mL of n-Pentane and record observations. Next, agitate the glass
test tube by physically shaking it for about 5 seconds and record new observations.
Boiling point Study—t-Butyl alcohol boiling point:
First, set up distillation apparatus as prescribed above in the "Materials Needed" list and
ensure it is suspended on a wire gauze stage via ring stand but high enough to
accommodate a bunsen burner under the distillation apparatus. Next, place
approximately 10mL of t-Butyl alcohol in the distillation flask. Then, insert the digital
temperature probe in the top of the distillation adapter so the probe is level with the
condenser and be sure that the temperature probe is turned on!
After, ignite the bunsen burner and move it under the suspended distillation apparatus,
specifically under the distillation flask containing the t-Butyl alcohol. Then, monitor the
temperature climb until it levels off after three subsequent readings on the digital
temperature probe and record observations. Repeat this process with the following
substances: Ethyl alcohol, n-Butyl alcohol, Acetic acid, n-Pentane, and n-Propyl
chloride.
Data/Results/Calculations:
Solubility of potassium chloride in
water: Potassium chloride (KCl)
Actual Boiling Point:
142°C Molecular
Weight: 74.5
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