SAUNDERS NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

SAUNDERS NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Transvaginal ultrasonography, in which a lubricated probe is inserted into the vagina, allows evaluation of the pelvic anatomy. A transvaginal ultrasound examination is well tolerated by most women because it alleviates the need for a full bladder to perform the test. The woman is placed in a lithotomy position or with her pelvis elevated by towels, cushions, or a folded blanket. The procedure is not physically painful, although the woman may feel pressure as the probe is moved. A client with portal-systemic encephalopathy is receiving oral lactulose (Chronulac) daily. The nurse should check which item to determine the effectiveness of this medication? 1-Lung sounds 2-Blood pressure 3-Blood ammonia level 4-Serum potassium level - Answer-3-Blood ammonia level Lactulose is a hyperosmotic laxative and ammonia detoxicant. It is used to prevent or treat portal-systemic encephalopathy, including hepatic precoma and coma. It also is used to treat constipation. The medication retains ammonia in the colon (decreases the blood ammonia concentration), producing an osmotic effect. It promotes increased peristalsis and bowel evacuation, expelling ammonia from the colon. This medication has no effect on lung sounds, the blood pressure, or the serum potassium level. The nurse notes that a client is receiving lamivudine (Epivir). The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to treat which condition? 1-Pancreatitis 2-Pharyngitis 3-Tonic-clonic seizures 4-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Answer-4-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and antiviral medication. It slows HIV replication and reduces the progression of HIV infection. It also is used to treat chronic hepatitis B and provide prophylaxis in health care workers who are at risk of acquiring HIV infection after occupational exposure to the virus. This medication is not used to treat the conditions identified in options 1, 2, and 3. A nurse notes that a client is taking lansoprazole (Prevacid). On assessment of the client, the nurse should ask which question to determine the effectiveness of this medication?