Milady Foundations Chapter 5: infection control exam questions with 100% correct answers

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Abbreviated AIDS; a disease that breaks down the body's immune system. AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV Humane immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS Antiseptics Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). asymptomatic Showing no symptoms or signs of infection Bacteria Single-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics; some harmful, some harmless Bacterial spores Bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments, and shed the coating when conditions become more favorable. Bactericidal Capable of destroying bacteria Biofilms Colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body. Bloodborne pathogens Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV. Chelating soaps Break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks; aka chelating detergents Cleaning A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt debris and many disease causing germs. Also removed invisible debris necessary before disinfecting Communicable Able to be communicated Contagious disease AKA communicable disease; capable of being spread from one person to another communicable disease Transferable by contact from one person to another Contamination The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin. Diagnosis Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests; federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis direct transmission Transmission of pathogens through touching (shaking hands, kissing, coughing, sneezing, talking) Disease An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function. Disinfectants Chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces. Disinfection A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces. Efficacy The ability of a product to produce the intended effect; on a disinfectant label, it indicates specific pathogens destroyed or disabled when used properly Exposure incident Contact with nonintact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee's duties. Fungi Single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm. Fungicidal Capable of destroying molds and fungi Hepatitis A blood borne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver. Herpes Simplex Virus An inflammatory disease of the skin caused by a viral infection and characterized by small vesicles in clusters human papilloma virus HPV; virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups; also a cutaneous viral infection commonly contracted through sexual transmission and exhibited by genital warts Indirect transmission Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface. infection The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens. Infection control The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms. Infectious Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection infectious disease Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person. Inflammation A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling Local infection An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA; a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics. Microorganism Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size. Mildew A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon. Multiuse Also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.