Name TWO philosophers who were associated with Phenomenology (Refer to
pages 62-63 of Philosophy in Education Today: An Introduction) (4)
Two philosophers associated with phenomenology are Edmund Husserl and Martin
Heidegger.
Question 2
Identify FIVE characteristics of Phenomenology (Refer to pages 64 of Philosophy
in Education Today: An Introduction) (10)
Phenomenology is a philosophical approach that focuses on understanding phenomena
as they appear to consciousness, without imposing preconceived theories or opinions. It
emphasizes the subjective experience of reality and encourages a reflective and
meditative approach to phenomena, including education. Phenomenology asks
individuals to suspend their assumptions and beliefs to observe and experience reality
as it is, aiming to reveal the essence of human consciousness and the world. It
originated with Edmund Husserl and was further developed by philosophers like Martin
Heidegger. Phenomenology in education emphasizes the importance of understanding
the lived experiences of teachers and learners, rejecting rigid educational systems
focused solely on outcomes and encouraging exploration and wonder in learning.
1. Focus on lived experience: Phenomenology prioritizes the subjective experience
of phenomena, emphasizing how things appear to consciousness.
2. Suspension of assumptions: It encourages individuals to set aside their
preconceptions and beliefs to observe phenomena objectively.
3. Rejection of theories and ideologies: Phenomenology seeks to understand reality
without imposing theoretical frameworks or ideologies onto it.
2
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