Übersicht zum Thema Erregungsübertragung an Synapsen
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Course
Biologie
Institution
Gymnasium
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Nervenzellen nehmen über synaptischen Endknöpfchen Kontakt zu anderen Zellen
• Andere Nervenzellen - Kontaktstelle = interneuronale Synapse
• Zu Muskelzellen - Kontaktstelle = motorische Endplatte
Funktion einer Synapse:
• Erregungs - bzw Informationsübertragung
• Hemmungsfunktion (Schutz vor Reizüber utung)
• Gedächtnis und Lernfunktion
Synapsen
Chemische Synapse Elektrische Synapse
• Interneuronale Synapse
• Motorische Endplatte
Bei der chemischen Synapse ist das Überträgemolekül eine chemische Substanz = Neurotransmitter
Bau interneuronale chemische Synapse (interneuronale = verbindet 2 Neuronen)
Synapse besteht aus:
• Präsynapse (synaptischen Endknöpfchen eines Neurons)
• Synaptischer Spalt
• Postsynapse (Membran der Dendriten bzw Somas des nachfolgenden Neurons)
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