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ELEN7053: Power Engineering Design Project - Design of an 88kV Substation $27.81
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ELEN7053: Power Engineering Design Project - Design of an 88kV Substation

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  • Course
  • Electrical Engineering (ELEN7053)
  • Institution
  • University Of The Witwatersrand (wits)
  • Book
  • Substation Automation Systems

The design for this project will be, limited to, 88kV “Substation F” with 4 x 88kV line bays with loop-in loop-out configuration on an 88kV sectionalised single tubular busbar and 3 x 88kV feeder bays for the customer. The project will also include the design of 88kV, 3.6km overhead line betwee...

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Document information

  • January 27, 2019
  • 130
  • 2017/2018
  • Thesis
  • Unknown
  • Unknown

Subjects

  • transformer
  • protection relay
  • metering
  • current transformer
  • bushing
  • busbar

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  • University of the Witwatersrand (wits)
  • Electrical Engineering (ELEN7053)
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ELEN7053: POWER ENGINEERING DESIGN PROJECT


Report: Design of a 88kV “Substation F” in Modderfontein and 88 kV
overhead lines to be connected to the newly built 275/88 kV “Substation A”
Substation




Candidate
XXXXX

Student Number
XXXX

Supervisor
XXXXXX

I hereby declare this is my own unaided work, submitted in partial fulfillment for the
degree in Master of Engineering in Electrical

,ELEN7053: Design of an 88kV “Substation F” in Modderfontein and 88kV overhead lines to
be connected to the newly built 275/88 kV Sebenza Substation


Table of Conten

List of Figures....................................................................................................................... 5

List of Tables........................................................................................................................ 6

Acronyms/ Abbreviations and Definitions..........................................................................7

1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 13

1.1 Background................................................................................................................... 13

1.2 Problem Statement.......................................................................................................13

1.3 Design Objectives........................................................................................................ 16

1.4 Structure of the Report................................................................................................17

2 ““Main Substation F”” and Overhead Line Servitude Data..........................................18

3 Substation Primary Plant Design...................................................................................23

3.1 Substation Insulation Coordination and Clearance...................................................24

3.2 Conductor and Busbar Size Selection........................................................................24

3.2.1 88kV Incomer and Feeder Bays..................................................................................25

3.2.2 88kV Busbar................................................................................................................ 25

3.3 88kV Line Bay Design..................................................................................................25

3.3.1 88kV Feeder Bay Terminal Support Structure.............................................................26

3.3.2 88kV Feeder Bay Isolator (ISO)...................................................................................28

3.3.3 88kV Feeder Bay Surge Arrestor (SA).........................................................................28

3.3.4 88kV Feeder Bay Current Transformer (CT)................................................................28

3.3.5 88kV Feeder Bay Voltage Transformer (VT)................................................................28

3.3.6 88kV Feeder Bay Circuit Breaker (BRKR)...................................................................28

3.4 88kV Busbar Design.....................................................................................................28

3.5 Substation Layout........................................................................................................ 29

4 Substation Control Plant Design....................................................................................31

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XXXXXXXX

,ELEN7053: Design of an 88kV “Substation F” in Modderfontein and 88kV overhead lines to
be connected to the newly built 275/88 kV Sebenza Substation

4.1 Protection Schemes.....................................................................................................32

4.1.1 Protection Schemes IEDs............................................................................................32

4.1.2 Protection Schemes IEDs per Panel............................................................................38

4.1.3 Protection CT Ratios and Class...................................................................................41

4.2 Metering........................................................................................................................ 42

4.2.1 Metering Schemes.......................................................................................................42

4.2.2 MFST – Multi Function SCADA Transducer................................................................45

4.2.3 Metering Schemes per Panel......................................................................................45

4.2.4 Metering CT Ratios and Ratings..................................................................................46

4.3 SCADA/RTU System.....................................................................................................46

4.3.1 Monitoring and Control Philosophy..............................................................................46

4.3.2 Remote Terminal Unit Requirements...........................................................................48

4.4 Telecommunications....................................................................................................49

4.4.1 Multiplexer Equipment.................................................................................................51

4.4.2 Heavy Duty Duct (HDD) Optical Fibre Link..................................................................51

4.4.3 Overhead Power Lines Ground Wire (OPGW) Optical Fibre Link................................52

4.5 AC/DC Supply............................................................................................................... 52

4.5.1 AC Distribution Board..................................................................................................52

4.5.2 Battery Chargers and DC Distribution Board...............................................................54

4.5.3 Batteries...................................................................................................................... 57

4.6 Control and Power Cables...........................................................................................58

5 AEL / “Substation A” 88kV Overhead Line Design.......................................................59

5.1 Overhead Line Insulation Coordination and Clearance.............................................59

5.2 Conductor Selection.....................................................................................................60

5.3 Tower Selection............................................................................................................ 60

Page |2
XXXXXXXX

, ELEN7053: Design of an 88kV “Substation F” in Modderfontein and 88kV overhead lines to
be connected to the newly built 275/88 kV Sebenza Substation

6 Lightning Protection System and Earthing Design......................................................62

6.1 Risk Assessment and Determination of Protection Level.........................................62

6.2 External Lightning Protection System (LPS)..............................................................65

6.2.1 Selection of material type for external LPS..................................................................65

6.2.2 Air Termination............................................................................................................ 69

6.2.3 Earth Grid Design........................................................................................................71

6.2.4 Fencing........................................................................................................................ 72

6.2.5 Yard Stoning................................................................................................................ 72

6.3 Internal Lightning Protection System (LPS)...............................................................72

6.3.1 Equipotential bonding for metal installations................................................................74

6.3.2 Selection of surge protection devices (SPDs)..............................................................74

7 Safety, Health, Environmental and Quality....................................................................76

8 Costing............................................................................................................................. 77

References.......................................................................................................................... 78

Annexure A: Overhead Conductor Characteristics and Electrical Clearance...............81

Annexure B: Protection Scheme.......................................................................................82

Annexure C: Metering Scheme..........................................................................................85

Annexure D: SCADA Scheme............................................................................................87

Annexure E: Control and Power Cable Schedules..........................................................98

Annexure F: Risk Assessment Calculations..................................................................103

F.1. Risk Assessment for Unprotected Structures against Lightning Strikes.............105

F.2. Risk Assessment for Protected Structures against Lightning Strikes..................112

Annexure G: Earthing Termination System Design.......................................................121

Annexure G.1: Earth Grid Design Procedure.................................................................121

Annexure G.2: Earth Grid Design Calculations..............................................................122

Annexure G.3: Earth Grid Design Calculations (Iteration 1).........................................124

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