Nursing Informatics Final Exam 298 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

Nursing Informatics Final Exam 298 Questions with Verified Answers information - CORRECT ANSWER interpreted data, i.e. B/P readings data - CORRECT ANSWER characters, numbers, or facts gathered for analysis and possibly later action -building blocks in the formation of knowledge data integrity - CORRECT ANSWER ability to collect, store, and retrieve correct, complete, current data so it will be available to authorized users when needed information literacy - CORRECT ANSWER ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate, and use needed information effectively information literacy - CORRECT ANSWER this nurse can recognize significant, relevant research and know how to apply it to practice health literacy - CORRECT ANSWER degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions computer literacy - CORRECT ANSWER familiarity with the use of computers, including software tools such as word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation graphics, and e-mails instructor led - CORRECT ANSWER advantages: immediate feedback disadvantages: inconsistencies computer-based - CORRECT ANSWER advantages: increased retention (can do it at your own pace -used as proficiency exams - should be broken up on-the-job training - CORRECT ANSWER appropriate for short sessions -disadvantages: distractions from work related things blended approach - CORRECT ANSWER training approach used the most and most effective URAC, HON - CORRECT ANSWER organizations that evaluate online information according to criteria online storage - CORRECT ANSWER form of data storage that provides access to current data -an example is a high speed, hard disk drive -network is going to back itself up offline storage - CORRECT ANSWER form of data storage that uses secondary storage devices for data that are needed less frequently, or for long-term data storage -ex- thumb drive or CD burning data cleansing - CORRECT ANSWER use of software to improve the quality of data to ensure that it is accurate enough for use in data mining and warehousing -improves quality of data system checks - CORRECT ANSWER mechanisms provided by a computer system to assist users by prompting them to complete a task, verify information, or prevent entry of inappropriate information system checks - CORRECT ANSWER forcing users to complete "required" fields of progress -alerting users of duplicate entries -generating reports of actions that have not been completed data mining - CORRECT ANSWER a technique that uses software to look for HIDDEN PATTERNS in a system -used to identify trend and document problems data mining - CORRECT ANSWER In healthcare, what is used to gain a competitive edge or for consumer-based companies to find potential customers? end user - CORRECT ANSWER someone who just looks up information and provides it to people (just need to know simple things) -healthcare workers who use an information system to view or document client information user class - CORRECT ANSWER group of individuals who perform similar functions, and for the purpose of information system training and use, require instruction on how to access and use the same set of system features training plan - CORRECT ANSWER Components of the _______: -philosophy -identification of training needs -approach -timetable and training schedule -resources -evaluation strategies philosophy of training plan - CORRECT ANSWER commitment to: effort, resource, allocation, budget hours, staffing, timing in relation to go-live date approach of training plan - CORRECT ANSWER -follows needs assessment - determines: content, instructional interventions, delivery methods, creation or purchase of training materials, in-house trainers vs. outsourced training timetable and training schedule - CORRECT ANSWER -coordinated with go-live date - considerations: number of persons to be trained, amount of time required to train each user group, amount of time needed for all training, budget requirements information security - CORRECT ANSWER the ongoing protection of both information housed on teh system and the system itself from threats to disruption authentication - CORRECT ANSWER process of determining whether someone is who he or she professes to be password - CORRECT ANSWER collection of alphanumeric characters that the user types into the computer biometrics - CORRECT ANSWER identification based on a unique biological trait, such as a fingerprint, voice or iris pattern, retinal scan, hand geometry, face recognition, ear pattern, small blood vessels in the palm, or gait recognition, or keystroke cadence informatics - CORRECT ANSWER turning data into information, using computers medical informatics - CORRECT ANSWER application of informatics to all of the healthcare disciplines as well as the practice of medicine -ex: robots for surgery (something nurses don't need to know) nursing informatics - CORRECT ANSWER use of information and computer technology to support all aspects of nursing practice -ex-programming IV pumps HITECH act - CORRECT ANSWER push for more technology to be used especially for education consumer health informatics - CORRECT ANSWER use of electronic information and communication to improve medical outcomes and healthcare decision making from the patient/consumer perspective public health informatics - CORRECT ANSWER application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research, and learning clinical information systems - CORRECT ANSWER What can help to decrease medication errors? informatics nurse - CORRECT ANSWER an RN with experience but no formal education in the area informatics nurse specialist - CORRECT ANSWER an RN with advanced graduate education in the IT area. May have ANCC certification CPOE - CORRECT ANSWER initiative by the Institute of Medicine and Leapfrog Group to improve the quality of care and reduce medication errors -eliminated transcription errors, expedites treatment, encourages more accurate, complete orders, mobile computing healthcare information system - CORRECT ANSWER a group of systems used to support and enhance health care clinical information systems - CORRECT ANSWER -directly support care -may be stand alone or integrated systems -goal: quick, safe access to patient information -support safe patient care through: -ordering appropriate medications/treatments -implement cost-effective treatments -prevent duplicate treatments nursing information systems - CORRECT ANSWER supports the use and documentation of nursing activities -provides tools for managing and delivery of nursing care -two goals: nursing functions and nursing practice nursing process - CORRECT ANSWER based on traditional documents with nursing diagnosis as organizing framework, may use standardized nursing languages -assessment, nursing diagnosis, plan, implementation, evaluation monitoring - CORRECT ANSWER comprised of devices that monitor vital signs -automatically input into a clinical information system -alarms notify caregivers of readings that are outside the range of "normal" order entry (CPOE) - CORRECT ANSWER orders entered into the computer are transmitted to the appropriate areas such as pharmacy, lab, radiology, social service -direct entry of orders by physician, NP, physical therapist, or other provider is preferred laboratory - CORRECT ANSWER decrease in turn around time, decrease in duplicate testing, decrease in errors with pt ID -system can: alert providers when new or state test results are back or values are critical, send results to clinical systems for view, accept input from bedside devices, generate labels for specimen collection, use rules to order additional tests when indicated pharmacy - CORRECT ANSWER dispensing cabinets, barcode administration, E-prescribing -provides checks in order and administration process using evidence based guidelines -use lab results, allergy, and interaction information from clinical systems -track medication use, costs, billing information radiology - CORRECT ANSWER -allows direct order entry or accepts orders from other systems -provides scheduling of diagnostic tests -generates client instructions -permits transcription of results -provides picture archiving and transmission of images and tracking of film -generates charges once procedures done standardized nursing languages - CORRECT ANSWER provides a common language for all nurses in all locations (NANDA, NIC, and NOC) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act - CORRECT ANSWER What does HIPAA stand for? HIPAA - CORRECT ANSWER purpose: curtail healthcare fraud and abuse, enforce standards for health information, and assure health insurance portability for employed persons HIPAA - CORRECT ANSWER consequences: fines for institutions and individuals who violate the act. Nurses can also be brought up by the state board of nursing for violation in addition to fines. health care providers, health plan, trading partners, business associates - CORRECT ANSWER Who does HIPAA apply to? 1-_________- doctors, nurses, nursing home 2-_______- provide or pay the cost of medical care 3- _________-electronically exchange PHI 4- _________- perform services "on your behalf" Magnet - CORRECT ANSWER reduces errors and improve efficiency, patient safety, and knowledge through the use of technology; having EHR super users - CORRECT ANSWER understand department workflow - staff person who has become proficient in the use of the system and mentors others educators - CORRECT ANSWER have training expertise, may or may not know area workflow (in hospital) user classes - CORRECT ANSWER group of individuals who perform similar functions and for the purpose of information system training and use, require instruction on how to access and use the same set of system features trainer - CORRECT ANSWER person responsible for educating clinical users in one or more applications and may be required to define and monitor user competencies (outsider brought in) end users - CORRECT ANSWER healthcare worker wh ouse an information system to view or document client information confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWER a situation in which a relationship has been established and private information is shared and the expectation that it will not be re-disclosed -key to patient treatment privacy - CORRECT ANSWER a state of mind, freedom from intrusion, or control over the exposure of self or of personal information EHR - CORRECT ANSWER a longitudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting meaningful use - CORRECT ANSWER use of health information technology to collect specific data with the intent to improve care, engage patients, improve population health, and ensure privacy and security PHR - CORRECT ANSWER private, secure application which an individual may access, manage, and share his or her health information -driven by consumers standalone systems - CORRECT ANSWER not tied to any healthcare system tethered systems - CORRECT ANSWER ties into healthcare systems EMR - CORRECT ANSWER legal record created in hospitals and ambulatory environments that is the source of data for the EHR -long referred to as single episode treatment -comprised of structured and unstructured data PHI (public health information) - CORRECT ANSWER all individually identifiable health data including information re: treatment and care that may be transmitted or maintained in any form or medium (electronic, paper, oral, etc.) treatment, notification, imminent danger - CORRECT ANSWER What are the three exceptions of HIPAA? minimum necessary - CORRECT ANSWER limits disclosure to the minimum necessary to accomplish the intended purpose of the use or request treatment - CORRECT ANSWER the provision, coordination, or management of health care and related services by one or more health care providers have quality data - CORRECT ANSWER To be able to process data information, it is important to? increased patient safety - CORRECT ANSWER What is the main goal for using technology in healthcare today? Raw facts that lack meaning; discrete eateries that are described objectively without interpretation. Ex-number of days w/ foley - CORRECT ANSWER Data Processed data that has meaning; data that are interpreted, organized, or structured Ex- weekend we have more catheters? - CORRECT ANSWER Information Information that is synthesized to identify and formalize relationships. Ex- a lot of surgeries on Friday - CORRECT ANSWER Knowledge Refers to whole, complete, correct, and consistent data - CORRECT ANSWER Data integrity Combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings (hospital) - CORRECT ANSWER Information System When a database contains errors, such as duplicate, incomplete, or outdated records - CORRECT ANSWER Dirty data Application of knowledge to an appropriate situation; Uses knowledge and experience to heighten common sense and insight to exercise sound judgement in practical matters; knowledge translated into actions; the appropriate application of knowledge to the management and volition of human problem Ex- how can we solve this problem? - CORRECT ANSWER Wisdom Purpose of CNPII - CORRECT ANSWER Related concepts typically subsumed under the rubric of human factors or how humans and technology relate to each other. - CORRECT ANSWER Usability and ergonomics ( Humab computer interaction HCI) _____ issues address the efficiency and effectiveness of an application. ( is it efficient? Effective?) - CORRECT ANSWER Usability. The study of efficiency in their working environment - CORRECT ANSWER Ergonomics Initiates the cycle of knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER Feedback Inputted data - CORRECT ANSWER Can be visualized and accessed by manipulating the mouse and keyboard input devices (mouse and keyboard) Computer technology has ushered in what has been called _______, an age when data, information, and knowledge are both accessible and able to be manipulated by more people than ever before in history - CORRECT ANSWER Information Age Hardware components - CORRECT ANSWER Computer monitor, The ability of HIS (health information systems to work together within and across organizational boundaries in order to advance the effective delivery of healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER Interoperability To improve the health of populations, communities, families, and individuals by optimizing information management and communication. - CORRECT ANSWER Goals of NI (nursing informatics) Non repetitive, non routine work that entails a significant amount of cognitive activity - CORRECT ANSWER Knowledge work The discipline concerned with the study of information via computer-based tools - CORRECT ANSWER Nursing informatics The role of project manager, which is a result of their ability to manage multiple complex situations at one time. - CORRECT ANSWER Role of informatics nurse specialist (INS) Process of systematically examining varying viewpoints rested to moral questions of right and wrong - CORRECT ANSWER Ethics Process of making informed choices about ____based on a set of standards differentiating right from wrong - CORRECT ANSWER Ethical decision Improve healthcare quality, reduce cost of healthcare, reduce health disparities, prevention and early detection - CORRECT ANSWER HIT infrastructure (Medicaid, Medicare) The output from each previous phase flows into or becomes the initial input for the next phase Feasibility,Analysis, design, implement, test, maintain - CORRECT ANSWER Waterfall method Provides a fast way to Ass functionality through prototyping and user testing. Examines actual prototype applications rather than documentation. Requires workshops and focus groups to gulf a prototype application using real data - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid application development (RAD) Combines the logic of the systems development life cycle with th power of object oriented modeling and programming. Represents real word objects into abstract computer software objects. - CORRECT ANSWER Object-oriented systems development (OOSD) Highly iterative and incremental approach with a high level or user input and involvement. Requires repetitive examination that enhances detail and improves accuracy. - CORRECT ANSWER Dynamic system development method (DSDM) A data warehouse or repository of information regarding the health status or a client, replacing the former paper based medical records - CORRECT ANSWER Electronic medical record (EMR) Health information and data, results management ( lab results/ radiology reports) , order entry management (enter medications and other care orders directly) , decision support( computer reminders), electronic communication and connectivity (online communications between healthcare team members), patient support ( patient education and monitoring tools), administrative processes (scheduling, billing, claims, ect.) - CORRECT ANSWER Patient information obtained in the EMR Prompts warn against the possibility of drug interaction allergy or overdose. Accurate current info for physicians. Helps with drug names that sound alike. Improve communication between dr and pharm - CORRECT ANSWER CPOE benefits Verifying Ned order, allergies, barcode medication labeling or RFID technology( assists with dispensing and admin) and automated dispensing machines - CORRECT ANSWER CPOE Meaningful use to EMR Informatics nurse specialist role - CORRECT ANSWER Financial and patient privacy hurdles must be overcame to achieve EMR - CORRECT ANSWER - CORRECT ANSWER - CORRECT ANSWER Proactive method for evaluating a process to identify where and how it might fail, and to assess the relative impact of different failures in order to identify the party's of th process that are most in need of change - CORRECT ANSWER Failure modes and a effects Analysis (FMEA) Blame free environment to encourage error reporting - CORRECT ANSWER Just culture Unintentional mistakes - CORRECT ANSWER Human error- preform FMEA to understand error Risky behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER Works around or cutting corners -examine workflow ; educate Reckless behavior - CORRECT ANSWER Total disregard for established policies and procedures- zero tolerance policy Deviate from accepted and expected practice protocols - CORRECT ANSWER Workarounds Patent safety in healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER Culture of safety Never events - CORRECT ANSWER Adverse events Slow response times - CORRECT ANSWER Alarm fatigue Automatic dispensing machine - CORRECT ANSWER Safe pump mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experiences, and senses - CORRECT ANSWER cognition ability of health information systems to work together within and across organizational boundaries in order to advance the effective delivery of healthcare for individuals and communities - CORRECT ANSWER interoperability information technology - CORRECT ANSWER a subject that focuses on managing and processing information, usually within an agency. informatics - CORRECT ANSWER the science of the management of information, generally interpreted to mean using computers to manage information health information technology - CORRECT ANSWER technology applied in health care, generally meant to refer to electronic records. Sometimes the name of the department that has the responsibility for the electronic records. data - CORRECT ANSWER discrete piece of objective information; a piece of info about something (i.e. the pulse of a client) electronic health record - CORRECT ANSWER the complete record of an individual's health care from many sources that is created and gathered cumulatively from ore than one healthcare agency. What info in it is accessible and to whom its accessible is determined by the individual to whom it belongs evidence-based practice - CORRECT ANSWER clinical practice in which decision making is guided by the best research evidence available, clinical knowledge and consultation with the patient to decide the best patient care standard - CORRECT ANSWER an agreement to use a given protocol, term or other criterion that has been formally approved by a nationally or internationally recognized professional, trade associations or governmental body standardization - CORRECT ANSWER the situation when standards are used standardized terminology - CORRECT ANSWER a set of terms with agreed upon definitions useful in a given situation. healthcare informatics - CORRECT ANSWER the science of managing healthcare information that draws on information and computer science, healthcare discipline knowledge, and theories such as socio-technical theory, change theories, cognitive theory, usability principles, learning theories and chaos theory nursing informatics - CORRECT ANSWER the management of nursing data based on a combination of the fields of information science, computer science and nursing science secondary data - CORRECT ANSWER the use of data or documents that have been collected for another purpose, such as data in a medical record, for other purposes. In the EHR world, this refers to healthcare data collected for patient care, then being deidentified and used in research aggregated data - CORRECT ANSWER data that represents the same piece of data for many different records. The purpose for studying data like this is to determine patterns decision-support systems - CORRECT ANSWER part of an information system that correlates information from many different sources including specific patient data and the literature to provide suggestions to the clinician. May be on spreadsheets which a user creates a model to use and specially designed decision tools that assist the user to structure the problem and make a decision based on a weighted analysis of the analysis institute of medicine - CORRECT ANSWER an independent group that serves as adviser to the nation to improve health. Under the charter of the national academy of sciences, this group provides independent, objective, evidence-based advice to policymakers, health professionals, the private sector and the public Technology Informatics Guiding Educational Reform - CORRECT ANSWER this group developed competencies in various areas Quality and safety education for Nurses - CORRECT ANSWER a 3 phase initiative funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in 2010 Computerized Provider Order Entry - CORRECT ANSWER The use of the computer to enter prescriptions by physicians and nurse practitioners with prescriptive authority. The system should be able to catch errors in prescribing as well as problems with drug interactions and allergies. Should be used as a decision support system for clinicians who prescribe medications. Problem Oriented Medical Record - CORRECT ANSWER a multi-disciplinary medical record that is organized by the client's problems with all disciplines charting in the same place for each problem. This is how most patient records are organized Problem-Oriented Medical Information system - CORRECT ANSWER a computer system devised by Dr. Larry Weed and associates at the university of vermont in the late 1960s and early 1970s (PROMIS) Protocol - CORRECT ANSWER an agreed upon format for a procedure. In computer terminology, this often refers to methods for exchanging data between two devices. Includes standards for the type of error checking, data compression if used, how the originating machine will indicate that it has completed sending and how the receiving machine will indicate that it has received the message genomics - CORRECT ANSWER the study of the structure and function of genes. The info is located in DNA sequences within the 23 chromosomes. This science helps explain individual variations in reactions to drugs, for example, why some drugs work with some patients and not others, and which patients are most apt to develop side effects or certain diseases such as breast cancer. de-identify - CORRECT ANSWER the process of removing any information from aggregated data that could be used to identify the person about whom the data was created information literacy - CORRECT ANSWER the ability to define a need for information and the skills to locate, evaluate and synthesize information to meet this need listserv - CORRECT ANSWER an electronic mailing list whose software forwards all messages to members of a group software - CORRECT ANSWER a system, utility or application program expressed in computer-readable language, that is code. They are what allows a human to make the computer a functional element. It exists electronically in RAM as instructions for the computer to follow and is often referred to as a program operating system - CORRECT ANSWER the most important program on a computer: manager of the entire computer system. performs tasks such as recognizing keyboard input, sending output to the screen, locating files and controlling peripherals such as disk drives and the printers. All programs run "on top of" this system. application program - CORRECT ANSWER a computer program designed for an end user such as word processor or database. Distinguished from systems software which interacts with the computer office suite - CORRECT ANSWER a group of desktop application programs consisting of a work processor, spreadsheet and presentation package from one vendor that are designed to work well together speech recognition - CORRECT ANSWER the translation by the computer of the spoken work to printed text *PROOF-READ* mouse - CORRECT ANSWER a peripheral device connected to the computer, that when moved, moves a pointer on the screen graphical user interface - CORRECT ANSWER a way of interacting with the computer in which the user makes selections from images called icons point and click - CORRECT ANSWER the process of moving a mouse pointer to a desired command and clicking the left mouse button to select that command desktop - CORRECT ANSWER the screen that contains program icons that appear after the computer is turned on. Clicking any of the icons will open the program to which that icon belongs. Users can also save folders or files to the here for easy access task bar - CORRECT ANSWER the last line on the screen in a windows computer that contains the names of the various programs that are open. If it is not immediately visible, placing the mouse pointer in the location will make it appear. The left portion is the quick launch bar title bar - CORRECT ANSWER the top line on the screen that contains the name of the program in that window. It may also contain the name of the file that is open in that program. It is blue when the window is not minimized and can be used to drag the window containing the program phonemes - CORRECT ANSWER sounds we use to make words. There are 38 in the US dialect quick launch bar - CORRECT ANSWER a portion of the last line of the screen that contains program icons that when clicked will open that program. Users can drag the program icons for programs they use frequently from the desktop bro all programs on the start button the this location in order to make access easier active window - CORRECT ANSWER the window on the screen on which the user is working. Other windows may be open, but not currently being worked with window - CORRECT ANSWER a file in a program such as a document in microsoft word computer crash - CORRECT ANSWER a situation in which the computer stops working or a program unexpectedly gives you an error message and quits work, taking all the unsaved data with it. computer freeze - CORRECT ANSWER a situation in which the computer decides to ignore any input from a user. Use Ctrl, Alt, Delete to fix it groupware - CORRECT ANSWER a type of software that facilitates collaboration by a group of colleagues attached to a network. It supports such things as scheduling meetings, email and electronic newsletters. Sometimes called workgroup productivity software. Users can be cubicle neighbors or across the world from each other cloud computing - CORRECT ANSWER refers to the ability to access software and file storage on remote computers using the internet code - CORRECT ANSWER statements written in a programming language which are what the computer needs to perform a function. Can also be tags in html flow chart - CORRECT ANSWER a graphical picture of a process with decision points and options. In more sophisticated versions, it includes inputs and outputs. Is used in computer programming, design of a database, large computer systems and anyplace where it is necessary to understand a linear concept of how something works algorithm - CORRECT ANSWER a set of unambiguous steps for accomplishing a defined task. Has a definite starting and stopping point. It may contain decision points, but finite choices are given and results of each choice are clearly stated. Used when programming a computer, however, individuals use them every day (ex: how to start a car) software piracy - CORRECT ANSWER using a copy of a computer program that is not legally yours to use. On a home computer: a program given to you by a friend so you don't have to buy it. At work: software for which the institution does not own a license for each and every computer on which it is used. Prosecuted by the business software alliance. shareware - CORRECT ANSWER software that although copyrighted can be freely distributed for trial purposes. Users are honor-bound to send the owner of the copyright a registration fee freeware - CORRECT ANSWER software that although copyrighted is given away by the author. Because the author retains the copyright you must follow the author's wishes in terms of what you can do with it - this usually precludes selling it. This is more restrictive than public domain software. function keys - CORRECT ANSWER keys at the top of the keyboard; have a number preceded by an "F." they invoke features in an application program default - CORRECT ANSWER the setting, value, or procedure that a program or device will automatically assume unless specifically given other instructions. margin settings in a word processor and width of columns in a spreadsheet are but one of many instances. there is a default, but the settings can be changed either in a single case, or the new setting can often be made the default object - CORRECT ANSWER to a computer, any entity that it can manipulate. treating things as objects allows properties to be applied to an entire piece rather than having to apply them to each piece of an object scroll bar - CORRECT ANSWER a bar that is seen on the bottom and right side of a window that when dragged allows a user to see other parts of the screen status line - CORRECT ANSWER a line at the bottom of the screen that gives information about the program that is open, such as the page one is on, or if the caps lock is on insertion point - CORRECT ANSWER a windows term that means the screen location where whatever is typed will be placed. is seen on the screen as a symbol that blinks. the exact symbol varies with the application program in use. may be referred to as the cursor overtype - CORRECT ANSWER when text that is entered replaces the existing text in that space. the opposite is the insert mode. icon - CORRECT ANSWER a small picture that represents an object or program. in windows applications, the user clicks on an icon to make a selection tool bar - CORRECT ANSWER a line or ribbon of tools applicable in a program at a given time. usually seen at the top of the screen system tray - CORRECT ANSWER a place on the bottom right corner of the screen with icons which when clicked will control parts of the system such as the volume of the speaker, or the ability to safely remove a flash disk from the computer tag - CORRECT ANSWER (1) the name given to instructions enclosed in a grater than and lesser than <_> sign that allow a document to be formatted to standards. HTML uses these tags to tell a browser how to display text such as in bold face, or an image. XML uses tags to identify various parts of a document so that it may be used in many ways (2) a label given to a file that permits a user to search for the file, or to group like files together. introduced to PCs with photo editing programs, now available to files in some applications in Microsoft Office dialog box - CORRECT ANSWER a box that pops up when you request a feature that requires more than a simple selection in a program. you enter the information needed and the feature performs according to the information you provided. menu tab - CORRECT ANSWER a "tab" on the top of a window which when clicked will reveal other options drop-down menu - CORRECT ANSWER a menu that appears or "drops down" when an item is clicked. items that will present another menu when clicked are indicated by an ellipsis (...) or an arrow. generally, an arrow means another menu will appear and an ellipsis designates that a pop-up dialog box will appear hard return - CORRECT ANSWER tapping the Enter key to create a permanent new line, that is one that will always start a new line unless deleted Ctrl + a - CORRECT ANSWER select all Ctrl + b - CORRECT ANSWER bold Ctrl + c - CORRECT ANSWER copy Ctrl + i - CORRECT ANSWER italics Ctrl + u - CORRECT ANSWER underline Ctrl + v - CORRECT ANSWER paste Ctrl + x - CORRECT ANSWER cut Ctrl + y - CORRECT ANSWER redo Shift + tab - CORRECT ANSWER holding down the shift key while tapping the tab key. used to move the insertion point backwards in cells, fields, or on a form with entry boxes. word wrap - CORRECT ANSWER a feature of most computer text applications in which the computer automatically knows where the start of each line of text in a paragraph should be. the user only taps the enter key to start a new line at the start of a new paragraph, or wherever s/he is certain that the next information should start a fresh line context-sensitive help - CORRECT ANSWER help that when requested matches the general feature that you are using. for example, if you were entering vital signs into a hospital information system, when you tapped F1 to request help, help for accomplishing that task would automatically be accessed wizard - CORRECT ANSWER a name given to software tools that provide help in implementing a given feature in a program. generally are very limiting in what they provide. to really use a software product, one needs to move beyond the wizards. clipboard - CORRECT ANSWER a place in the computer's memory (RAM) on which objects that are being cut or copied are kept. once on the clipboard, an object remains there until replaced by another object, or deleted from the clipboard by the user. some modern software, such as Microsoft Office products, allow you to have more than one item on the clipboard print screen key - CORRECT ANSWER a key that when tapped will place a picture of the entire screen on the clipboard from where it can be pasted into any application that will accept a graphical object backward compatibility - CORRECT ANSWER when a program can use files created by an earlier version of the same program. software producers generally try to keep their products backwardly compatible so files created with older versions will not be lost when users update. may also be called downward compatibility rich text format (rtf) - CORRECT ANSWER a type of text file that preserves most formatting, but can be opened by almost any word processing program. this is a type of file often used with text files when sending them as an attachment, because it preserves most formatting but allows almost all word processors to open the file with no regard to which word processor created it logical structure - CORRECT ANSWER the way something looks to the user. for example, a file looks like it is stored in one place when its physical structure is often that parts of it are stored in several different places multi-tasking - CORRECT ANSWER having more than one application open at the same time. this was made possible in PCs with the introduction of the Microsoft Windows Operating System. it also allows users to easily copy information from one program to another link (linking and embedding) - CORRECT ANSWER the term given when an object in one program is linked to an object in another program. when changes are made to the object in either program, they are made to the object in both programs embed - CORRECT ANSWER the term used to describe importing an object from one program to another program without copying the object. once embedded, the object stands alone, and does not change if the original object is changed. the opposite is link sleep - CORRECT ANSWER a mode of partially turning off the computer that places information about all the open programs and files that are open within them into RAM where it can be quickly opened when the computer is activated. the computer in this mode uses much less power than when on. many computers today will automatically place themselves in sleep mode after a given period of inactivity. to reactivate, use the power on button. it is a little different than hibernate. hibernate - CORRECT ANSWER a method of shutting down the computer with programs and files open. in this mode, the program saves all the current info in RAM on the hard drive. when the computer is reactivated, it is all retrieved without having to go through the entire booting process. different than sleep mode. record - CORRECT ANSWER physically speaking, a row in a database. it will contain all the pieces of data in the database about the subject of that row. for example, a record in a telephone book would contain the name, address, and phone number for one individual. in database terminology may be referred to as a tupple types of rechargeable batteries - CORRECT ANSWER nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lithium-ion (best) surge protector - CORRECT ANSWER a device for protecting computers and other electronic devices from surges (transient, increases) in electrical power. even though these are vrief enough to be measured in nanoseconds, they can cause great damage. they will not protect against lightning, but against a transient increase such as may be caused by a device like a refrigerator coming on bus - CORRECT ANSWER conceptually: a highway that transmits data physically: a set of wires that data in a computer passes through consists of two parts, a data bus and an address bus. the address bus transfers the information to the location specified by the address bus. the size of a bus is referred to as its bandwidth and it is measured by the number of bytes that can be transmitted at the same time. the wider the bus, the faster the transmission (32 bit bus is faster than 16 bit) temporary memory (RAM) - CORRECT ANSWER a type of memory in a computer whose contents disappear when the computer is off. RAM is the memory that is used when users are working on documents, spreadsheets, or presentations in a presentation package. it is named random access because any byte can be accessed without touching other bytes. it is found not only in computers, but also in printers memory vs. storage - CORRECT ANSWER storage: permanent, doesn't need electricity (flash drive) memory: computer circuits that remember data only as long as electricity is on read only memory (ROM) - CORRECT ANSWER memory in a computer that is programmed in by the manufacturer and cannot be changed. it contains info needed by the computer to start itself and open an operating system cache - CORRECT ANSWER special high-speed memory, can be found in CPUs and hard drives, used for very fast access USB (universal serial bus) - CORRECT ANSWER a data transfer standard that supports ports that will allow many peripherals to be connected to a computer. data is transferred faster than with either serial or parallel ports. the USB port has pretty much replaced parallel and serial ports. the original USB ports transferred data at 12 megabits per second. a USB 2.0, the current standard, transfers data at 480 megabits per second. reboot - CORRECT ANSWER to restart the computer; could be warm (with power remaining on) or cold (from power off) computerese - CORRECT ANSWER computer-related terms warm boot - CORRECT ANSWER restarting a computer without turning it off. on a Mac and some PCs this is accomplished by pressing the reset button. on other PCs, it is necessary to simultaneously depress the Ctrl, Alt, and Delete keys (known as the three finger solute) for a few moments. cold boot - CORRECT ANSWER turning on a computer (booting) and having it run through all the start up procedures needed before it can be used. as opposed to a warm boot in which case the computer is restarted without turning it off bug - CORRECT ANSWER an error or defect that causes either hardware or software to malfunction, or perform differently than what the designer or programmer had intended. given the complexity of today's systems and software, bugs are difficult to completely eliminate compatibility - CORRECT ANSWER the ability of parts of a computer to work together. it may refer to the ability of an operating system to work with user created files or the ability of an application program to work with files created with a later version of the same program. for example, files created on a Mac and saved in their native format are not compatible with any applications on a PC. driver - CORRECT ANSWER a program that controls the interface between a peripheral device such as a printer or scanner and the computer. when a peripheral is added to a system, the appropriate driver must also be installed to allow the device to work. this is why many peripherals come with diskettes. one of the hazards of buying generic equipment that does not come with a diskette, is that the driver for the device may not be easily available. hacker - CORRECT ANSWER originally this term meant a computer enthusiast who enjoys the challenge of doing the impossible. today this term has been turned into a perjorative term for a cracker, or someone who uses computer skills to destroy computers or data white hat hacker - CORRECT ANSWER an individual who tries to penetrate computer security, but then notifies the administrator of any breeches so they can be fixed. they may be hired by a company to find any security flaws black hat hacker - CORRECT ANSWER an individual who uses his or her computer skills to damage computers or data logical - CORRECT ANSWER logical structure, the way a user sees things. when a user asks to see data or to retrieve a file, although the data may be located in many different physical locations, it is presented as one piece which is the logical view physical structure - CORRECT ANSWER the actual location, rather than a logical representation or reference What is the foundational focus of nursing informatics? - CORRECT ANSWER The management of patient focused information What action did the American Nursing Association (ANA) take in 1995 to recognize the importance of nursing informatics? - CORRECT ANSWER Established the informatics certification examination The nurse who effectively uses information technologies is most importantly affecting what aspect of professional nursing in the future? - CORRECT ANSWER Assuring that patient care is meeting an acknowledged standard of care What is an example of informatics applied in nursing? - CORRECT ANSWER Electronic Health Record (EHR) Is this statement true or false? (5) The focus of informatics is information management, not computers. - CORRECT ANSWER True (5) What are the sciences that make up nursing informatics? - CORRECT ANSWER Computer science, information science, nursing science Is this statement true of false? (7) An example of information would be vital signs plotted on a graph. - CORRECT ANSWER True (7) H is what type of internet site? - CORRECT ANSWER Health portal What is the greatest concern about information presented on the World Wide Web? - CORRECT ANSWER Its validity is not guaranteed What action is most important for a patient to take when considering whether to base health decisions on information found on the web? - CORRECT ANSWER Discuss the information with the health care provider What is an example of a sensational writing style? - CORRECT ANSWER Drop 30 pounds in 5 days with this new miracle pill!!!!! Is this statement true or false? (12) All health related websites can be trusted to provide reliable information. - CORRECT ANSWER False (12) Which topics should you consider when determining whether a website can be trusted? - CORRECT ANSWER Privacy, date of publication, source Is this statement true or false? (14) When you are conducting research online, it is important to know who funds the website you are viewing. - CORRECT ANSWER True (14) What is the greatest positive impact that communication among health care providers has on patient care? - CORRECT ANSWER Staying informed of standards of care and practices How is a wiki most useful to nursing? - CORRECT ANSWER Collaborative work on a research project What form of online communication would best substitute for a traditional nursing seminar? - CORRECT ANSWER Webinar Antivirus programs are best suited to deal with a virus attached to what form of electronic communication? - CORRECT ANSWER Emails What is the first line of protection against malware viruses? - CORRECT ANSWER Never download files from site you are unfamiliar with Who is responsible for setting the firewall's protective limits on a network computer? - CORRECT ANSWER Network administrator What is NOT health information that is protected under HIPAA? - CORRECT ANSWER Health information stored on a personal device Is this statement true or false? (22) The Privacy Rule of HIPAA only covers electronic health records. - CORRECT ANSWER False (22) Which of the following are ways to keep personal health information safe? - CORRECT ANSWER Think carefully before sharing information on social media, create strong passwords, use caution when using mobile devices to store health information Which of the following are patients' rights regarding their health records? - CORRECT ANSWER Patients can access their records, patients can be contacted at some other place other than home regarding their records, patients can choose to designate a person or persons to access their records, patients can change misinformation What areas of electronic information security does the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) govern? - CORRECT ANSWER Disposal, reuse, removal, transfer How can you tell if a website is a secure one? - CORRECT ANSWER Its address will begin with https:// What security measure is standard for health care emails sent via "secure message delivery"? - CORRECT ANSWER The information is stored on a secure server Is this statement true or false? (28) Physical threats to the privacy and security of protected health information are more serious than administrative threats and need to be treated with a higher level of caution. - CORRECT ANSWER False (28) Which of the following are technical safeguards to keep protected health information safe? - CORRECT ANSWER Audit trails, ensuring the person logging into the system is in fact that person, secure networks Which of the following are physical safeguards to keep protected health information safe? - CORRECT ANSWER Cable locks and computer monitor privacy filters, locks and alarms in the building What information source is the most reliable for presenting evidence-based information? - CORRECT ANSWER a scholarly nursing journal website Which nursing organization is striving to become a global source of information on evidence based practice nursing? - CORRECT ANSWER Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) What is the primary goal of evidence based nursing practice? - CORRECT ANSWER Improved patient outcomes Is this statement true or false? The process for asking a research question for evidence based practice involves using a mnemonic known as TIKO. - CORRECT ANSWER False, this mnemonic is PICO In the PICO process for creating a good research question for EBP, what do each of the letters represent? - CORRECT ANSWER P- patient, problem or population I- intervention C- comparison O- outcome Is this statement true or false? (36) One of the strongest and most important trends in health care today is evidence based practice (EBP). - CORRECT ANSWER True (36) North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) is an example of what type of terminology? - CORRECT ANSWER Classification What is the purpose of interface terminology? - CORRECT ANSWER Allows for the electronic translation or correlation of one reference terminology into that of another How does standardized terminology impact nursing? - CORRECT ANSWER Supports effective communication between nurses Is this statement true or false? (40) A reference terminology is a concept based, controlled medical terminology that gives a documentation term a code related to concepts at a higher level. - CORRECT ANSWER True (40) What is an example of an interface technology? - CORRECT ANSWER NANDA Is this statement true or false? (42) The mission of LOINC is to facilitate the development, refinement, dissemination, and the use of standardized nursing diagnostic terminology. - CORRECT ANSWER False (42) What reference terminology was established in 1974 at the National Center for Health Statistics and collaborates internationally? - CORRECT ANSWER ICD-9-CM What was the first set of formal nursing diagnoses created for nursing use? - CORRECT ANSWER North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Nurse managers would be particularly interested in which standardized data set? - CORRECT ANSWER Nursing Management Minimum Data Set (NMMDS) Patient outcomes are the focus of which data set? - CORRECT ANSWER Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) Is this statement true or false? (47) The purpose of billing technologies is to assist in billing patients for the services provided by health care organizations. - CORRECT ANSWER False (47) The standard billing terminology used to code for diagnoses is what? - CORRECT ANSWER ICD What is the purpose of clinical terminologies? - CORRECT ANSWER Assist in data collection Which organization founded in 1987 has stated mission to provide a comprehensive framework and related standards for the exchange, sharing and retrieval of electronic health care information? - CORRECT ANSWER Health Level Seven (HL7) Which international organization is responsible for the codes that focus on social and environmental factors impacting the health of the people? - CORRECT ANSWER World Health Organization (WHO) Which acronym is used to identify a standard patient classification system developed in the early 1980s for the purpose of reviewing the use of hospital resources? - CORRECT ANSWER DRG (diagnosis related groups) What does PHR stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER Personal Health Record What is an EHR composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER Several Electronic Medical Records, and the PHR What is the key difference between an EMR and a PHR? - CORRECT ANSWER Who manages the records Is this statement true or false? (56) To define an effective EHR, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) has identified eight functions to improve quality care, chronic disease management, efficiency and feasibility. - CORRECT ANSWER True (56) What type of interoperability is intended to coordinate work processes? - CORRECT ANSWER Structural When considering system interoperability, what is a standard? - CORRECT ANSWER An agreement to the use of specific methods of achieving interoperability What is the greatest significance to health care when an information system lacks interoperability? - CORRECT ANSWER Errors related to patient care can more easily occur Finish the sentence: The EHR is a(n) ___ health care record. - CORRECT ANSWER interoperable EHRs usually contain what component? - CORRECT ANSWER Order entry system What is the benefit to computer generated reporting via EHRs? - CORRECT ANSWER More accuracy What is the greatest advantage of an EHR? - CORRECT ANSWER Information can be accessed wherever internet access is available What does the term interoperability mean? - CORRECT ANSWER two or more health related service providers can access and share information What situation is an example of how a hospital's interoperability electronic health records systems support nursing care? - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse determines that a patient is likely to be discharged after reviewing daily laboratory results What information subsystem that contributes to data to a patient's global EHR? - CORRECT ANSWER Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) Is this statement true or false? (67) Interoperability means that you can trade out one subsystem for another. It does not matter which one you use as long as you pick at least one. - CORRECT ANSWER False (67) What methods are recommended by HealthIT.gov to improve the security of your data systems? - CORRECT ANSWER NIST Cybersecurity Framework, Risk assessment, Education Is this statement true or false? (69) HIPAA compliance requires EHR risk assessment through documenting how the organization will mitigate and address risks. - CORRECT ANSWER True (69) Is this statement true or false? (70) Only nurses who work in the lab need to learn about the Laboratory Information System (LIS). - CORRECT ANSWER False (70)