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ACLS PREP PHARMACOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW Q & A 2024
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ACLS PREP PHARMACOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW Q & A 2024ACLS PREP PHARMACOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW Q & A 2024
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ACLS PHARMACOLOGYComprehensive
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,1. Which medication is considered first-line treatment for a patient
experiencing symptomatic bradycardia?
A. Atropine
B. Adenosine
C. Dopamine
D. Epinephrine
Answer: A. Atropine
Rationale: Atropine is the first-line treatment for symptomatic
bradycardia according to ACLS guidelines. It increases heart rate by
inhibiting the action of the vagus nerve on the heart.
2. During ACLS, which drug is recommended for the management of
ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) after
the first shock?
A. Amiodarone
B. Lidocaine
C. Magnesium sulfate
D. Sodium bicarbonate
Answer: A. Amiodarone
Rationale: Amiodarone is recommended for VF or pulseless VT that is
unresponsive to CPR, defibrillation, and vasopressor therapy. It works by
prolonging the myocardial cell action potential duration and refractory
period.
3. What is the initial dose of epinephrine in cardiac arrest?
A. 1 mg IV/IO
B. 0.5 mg IV/IO
C. 3 mg IV/IO
D. 5 mg IV/IO
Answer: A. 1 mg IV/IO
Rationale: The initial recommended dose of epinephrine for cardiac
arrest is 1 mg IV/IO, administered every 3-5 minutes during resuscitation
efforts.
4. For a patient with a suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which
medication is typically administered as part of the initial treatment?
A. Heparin
B. Nitroglycerin
, C. Furosemide
D. Calcium chloride
Answer: B. Nitroglycerin
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is commonly used in the management of ACS
to relieve ischemic chest pain. It works by dilating coronary arteries and
improving blood flow to the myocardium.
5. In the context of ACLS, what is the role of magnesium sulfate?
A. It is used as a first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation.
B. It is used to treat torsades de pointes or hypomagnesemia.
C. It is the drug of choice for hypertension in ACLS.
D. It is administered for its anti-inflammatory effects.
Answer: B. It is used to treat torsades de pointes or hypomagnesemia.
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate is used in ACLS for the treatment of
torsades de pointes, particularly when associated with a low magnesium
level. It helps stabilize the cardiac membrane.
6. Which of the following is NOT an indication for the use of vasopressin
in cardiac arrest?
A. As an alternative to epinephrine in pulseless arrest
B. To increase peripheral vascular resistance
C. To reduce cerebral blood flow
D. To increase coronary perfusion pressure
Answer: C. To reduce cerebral blood flow
Rationale: Vasopressin is not used to reduce cerebral blood flow;
instead, it is used as an alternative to epinephrine to increase peripheral
vascular resistance and coronary perfusion pressure during cardiac arrest.
7. When is lidocaine preferred over amiodarone for antiarrhythmic therapy
in ACLS?
A. In patients with a known allergy to amiodarone
B. When treating atrial fibrillation
C. As a first-line treatment for VF or pulseless VT
D. In the presence of wide complex tachycardias of unknown origin
Answer: A. In patients with a known allergy to amiodarone
Rationale: Lidocaine may be used as an alternative to amiodarone in
patients who have a documented allergy to amiodarone or when
amiodarone is not available.
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