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Samenvatting Binoculair Zien 2
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Een zeer uitgebreide samenvatting van binoculair zien 2, jaar 2 optometrie.
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2016-17 BINOCULAIR ZIEN 2Elise de Ruiter
HOGESCHOOL UTRECHT
,Table of Contents
INCOMITANT SCHEELZIEN ................................................................................................. 5
INLEIDING INCOMITANTE MOTILITEIT ....................................................................................... 5
CLASSIFICATIES ............................................................................................................................... 6
TERMINOLOGIE .............................................................................................................................. 6
MONOCULAR AND BINOCULAR EYE MOVEMENT.......................................................................... 7
SEQUELAE BIJ EEN PARESE VAN EEN OOGSPIER .......................................................................... 15
ONDERZOEK NAAR DE OOGMOTILITEIT .................................................................................. 16
ANAMNESE ................................................................................................................................... 16
OBSERVATIE (ALGEMENE INDRUK) .............................................................................................. 17
OBJECTIEVE OOGSTAND SCHATTEN: HIRSCHBERGTEST .............................................................. 18
PRIMAIRE EN SECUNDAIRE DEVIATIE ........................................................................................... 19
COVER TEST BIJ INCOMITANTIE ................................................................................................... 19
SUBJECTIEVE OOGSTAND ............................................................................................................. 20
ONDERZOEK NAAR DE VERSIES .................................................................................................... 22
ONDERZOEK NAAR DE DUCTIES ................................................................................................... 22
ONDERZOEK NAAR DE SACCADES ................................................................................................ 22
ONDERZOEK NAAR DE CYCLODEVIATIE........................................................................................ 23
HOOFDKANTELINGSTEST VOLGENS BIELSCHOWSKY ................................................................... 25
HESS-SCHEMA .............................................................................................................................. 26
VELD VAN BEZ .............................................................................................................................. 27
KLINISCHE ANALYSE EN AANPAK BIJ MOTILITEIT STOORNISSEN .............................................. 28
DEVIATIE VERSCHILLEN TUSSEN DICHTBIJ EN VERAF................................................................... 28
DRIE STAPPEN TEST VOLGENS PARKS-BIELSCHOWSKY ................................................................ 28
CONGENITAAL OF VERWORVEN?................................................................................................. 29
COMITANT OF INCOMITANT? ...................................................................................................... 29
NEUROGEEN OF MECHANISCH? .................................................................................................. 30
NEUROGENE INCOMITANTIE........................................................................................... 31
INLEIDING INFRANUCLEARE PARESE ....................................................................................... 31
INCIDENTIE EN ETIOLOGIE NEUROGENE INCOMITANTIES ........................................................... 31
ETIOLOGIE NEUROGENE INCOMITANTIE NII, NIV EN NVI ............................................................ 32
PATHOLOGISCHE OORZAKEN VAN NIII, NIV OF NVI PARESE ....................................................... 32
NERVUS III PARESE ................................................................................................................. 35
NERVUS III .................................................................................................................................... 35
ETIOLOGIE INFRANUCLEAIRE NIII PARESE .................................................................................... 36
COMPLETE NIII PARESE ................................................................................................................ 37
PARTIELE NIII PARESE ................................................................................................................... 42
ANDERE ZELDZAME NIII GERELATEERDE AANDOENINGEN ......................................................... 45
NERVUS IV PARESE................................................................................................................. 46
NERVUS VI PARESE................................................................................................................. 51
NERVUS VI .................................................................................................................................... 51
ETIOLOGIE .................................................................................................................................... 51
MONOCULAIRE NERVUS VI PARESE ............................................................................................. 52
BILATERALE NERVUS VI PARESE ................................................................................................... 54
NERVUS VI PARESE SAMENGEVAT ............................................................................................... 55
DIFFERENTIAAL DIAGNOSE (DDx)................................................................................................. 55
EVALUATIE EN PLAN ..................................................................................................................... 57
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,MYOGENE EN MECHANISCHE INCOMITANTIE ................................................................. 58
MECHANISCH VERUS NEUROGENE INCOMITANTIE.................................................................. 58
SYNDROOM VAN DUANE ....................................................................................................... 59
SYNDROOM VAN BROWN ...................................................................................................... 63
ACHTERGROND ............................................................................................................................ 63
CONGENITAAL/INFANTIEL SYNDROOM VAN BROWN ................................................................. 63
VERWORVEN SYNDROOM VAN BROWN...................................................................................... 65
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS............................................................................................................. 66
GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHIE ................................................................................................. 71
OCULAIRE MYOSITIS .............................................................................................................. 76
COMITANT SCHEELZIEN (HETEROTROPIE) ....................................................................... 77
ETIOLOGIE COMITANT SCHEELZIEN ......................................................................................... 77
INDELING MANIFEST STRABISME (TROPIE) ............................................................................. 78
CLASSIFICATIE HETEROTROPIE ..................................................................................................... 78
ESOTROPIE VERSUS EXOTROPIE ................................................................................................... 78
ESOTROPIE.................................................................................................................................... 79
MICROTROPIE............................................................................................................................... 83
EXOTROPIE ................................................................................................................................... 86
EVALUATIE BINOCULAIR ZIEN BIJ EEN HETEROTROPIE ............................................................. 88
HET CYCLOPENOOG...................................................................................................................... 88
VIETH MULLER HOROPTER EN PANUM GEBIED ........................................................................... 88
FYSIOLOGISCH DUBBELZIEN ......................................................................................................... 89
RETINA REVALITEIT ....................................................................................................................... 89
WORTH’S CLASSIFICATIE VAN HET BINOCULAIR ZIEN.................................................................. 90
DEFINITIE VAN ‘GOED BEZ’........................................................................................................... 90
SUPPRESSIE EN ABNORMALE RETINA CORRESPONDENTIE (ARC) ............................................... 91
ONDERZOEK NAAR DE BINOCULAIRE FUNCTIES .......................................................................... 94
ORTHOPTISCHE BEHANDELING ............................................................................................. 100
NIET-CHIRURGISCHE THERAPIE .................................................................................................. 100
CHIRURGISCHE THERAPIE........................................................................................................... 100
ROL VAN DE OPTOMETRIST........................................................................................................ 101
HORROR FUSIONIS ..................................................................................................................... 101
AMBLYOPIE .................................................................................................................. 102
DEFINITIE AMBLYOPIE .......................................................................................................... 102
PREVALENTIE EN ETIOLOGIE ................................................................................................. 102
PREVALENTIE .............................................................................................................................. 102
RISICOFACTOREN ....................................................................................................................... 102
BELANGRIJKSTE OORZAKEN ....................................................................................................... 102
AMBLYOPIE EN SLECHTZIENHEID ............................................................................................... 102
INDELING AMBLYOPIE .......................................................................................................... 103
DEPRIVATIE (ORGANISCHE) AMBLYOPIE .................................................................................... 103
PYSCHOGENE (HYSTERISCHE) AMBLYOPIE................................................................................. 104
FUNCTIONELE AMBLYOPIE ......................................................................................................... 105
ONDERZOEK BIJ FUNCTIONELE AMBLYOPIE .......................................................................... 107
VISUS ONDERZOEK ..................................................................................................................... 107
REFRACTIE ONDERZOEK ............................................................................................................. 108
ONDERZOEK MONOCULAIRE FIXATIE ........................................................................................ 108
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, OVERIGE RELEVANTE ONDERZOEKEN ........................................................................................ 108
SAMENGEVAT ............................................................................................................................. 109
PATHOFYSIOLOGIE BIJ AMBLYOPIE ....................................................................................... 110
LATERAL GENICULATE NUCLEUS (LGN) EN VISUELE CORTEX ..................................................... 110
MONOCULAIRE EN BINOCULAIRE CELLEN ................................................................................. 110
ORTHOPTISCHE BEHANDELING ............................................................................................. 111
OCCLUSIE .................................................................................................................................... 111
UITKOMSTEN AMBLYOPIE BEHANDELING ................................................................................. 112
REFRACTIEVE ONTWIKKELING IN DE EERSTE JAREN ............................................................... 112
HYPERMETROPIE ........................................................................................................................ 112
MYOPIE ....................................................................................................................................... 113
ASTIGMATISME .......................................................................................................................... 113
ANISOMETROPIE ........................................................................................................................ 114
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