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CRIMINAL JUSTICE 101 #A questions and answers Rated A+
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CRIMINAL JUSTICE 101 #A Exam
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CRIMINAL JUSTICE 101crime - answera specific act of commission or omission in violation of the law, for which
a punishment is prescribed
criminal justice system - answersystem of state and federal courts, police, and prisons
that enforces criminal law
public policy - answerpriorities and actions developed by government to use public
resources as a means to deal with issues affecting society
misdemeanor - answeroffenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by
incarceration of no more than one year, probation, or intermediate sanctions
felony - answerserious crimes usually carrying a penalty of incarceration for more than
one year or the death penalty
crime control model - answera model of the criminal justice system that assumes
freedom is so important that every effort must be made to repress crime; it emphasizes
efficiency, speed, finality, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a
high proportion of offenders
due process model - answera model of the criminal justice system that assumes
freedom is so important that every effort must be made to ensure that criminal justice
decisions are based on reliable information; it emphasizes the adversarial process, the
rights of defendants, and formal decision making procedures
mala in se - answeroffenses that are wrong by their very nature
mala prohibita - answeroffenses prohibited by law but not wrong in themselves
Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) - answerannually published statistical summary of crimes
reported to the police, based on voluntary reports to the FBI by local, state, and federal
law enforcement agencies
, National Crime Victimization Surveys (NCVS) - answerinterviews of samples of the U.S.
population conducted for the Bureau of Justice System to determine the number and
types of criminal victimization and thus the intent of unreported as well as reported
crime
National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) - answera reporting system in
which the police describe each offense in a crime incident, together with data describing
the offender, victim, and property
Visible crime - answeran offense against persons or property that is committed primarily
by members of the lower social classes; often referred to as "street crime" or "ordinary
crime", this type of offense is the one most upsetting to the public
Occupational crime - answercriminal offense committed through opportunities created in
a legal business or occupation
Organized crime - answera framework for the perpetration of criminal acts-usually in
fields, such as gambling, drugs, and prostitution-providing illegal services that are in
great demand
Crimes without victims - answeroffenses involving a willing and private exchange of
illegal goods or services that are in strong demand; participants do not feel they are
being harmed, but these crimes are prosecuted on the ground that society as whole is
being harmed
Money laundering - answermoving the proceeds of criminal activities through a maze of
businesses, banks, and brokerage accounts in order to disguise their origin
Political crime - answeran act, usually done for ideological purposes, that constitutes a
threat against the state (such as treason, sedition, or espionage) or a criminal act by a
state
Cybercrimes - answeroffenses that involve the use of one or more computers
Identity theft - answerthe theft of social security numbers, credit card numbers, and
other information in order to secure loans, withdraw bank funds, and purchase
merchandise while posing as someone else, the unsuspecting victim, who will
eventually lose money in these transactions
Dark Figure of Crime - answera metaphor referring to the dangerousness dimension of
crimes that are never reported to the police
Victimology - answera field of criminology that examines the role the victim plays in
precipitating a criminal incident and the impact of crimes on victims
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