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Samenvatting Pathologie van het vasculair stelsel
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PATHOLOGIE VAN HET BLOED1. INLEIDING
Bloed:
• Plasma (55%)
• Bloedcellen (45%)
o RBC>>>>WBC en bloedplaatjes
Plasmasamenstelling:
• 91,5 % water (transport-vochtbalans)
• 8,5 % opgeloste stoffen
o 1,5 % niet-proteinen
anorganische zouten (NaCl (9g/l), KCl)
NaHCO3 (buffer tegen zuuraanval)
vetzuren en glucose (0,5 à 2g/l) (voeding en energie)
enzymes, hormonen, vitamines (metabolisme)
• 7 % proteinen
o albumine 54 % (C.O.D., eiwitreserve, transport)
o globulines 38 % (afweer en transport)
o fibrinogeen 7 % (stolling)
o protrombine 1 % (stolling)
99% = RBC = ERYTHROCYTEN
• biconcaaf, rond schijfje, kernloos
• 1/3 hemoglobine (Hb) bevat Fe
, • aanmaak in het rode beenmerg
EPO (nier)
• levensduur: 120 d
• afbraak in de milt => bilirubine in lever
• functie: vervoert O2 van longen naar weefsels door binding aan hemoglobine (en
brengt CO2 terug)
• Aantal
o man: 4,5 à 6,5 miljoen/mm3 (µl)
o vrouw: 4 à 5,5 miljoen/mm3 (µl)
WBC = LEUCOCYTEN
• granulocyten (40 - 70 %)
o Neutrofiele => fagocytose
o Eosinofiele => allergische reactie + parasieten
o Basofiele => remmen bloedstolling op plaats van
ontsteking
• lymfocyten (30 - 50 %)
o B-lymfocyt => Ig
o T-lymfocyt => cellulaire immuniteit
• monocyten (5 - 10 %) => macrofagen (in bindweefsel) => fagocytose +
antigeenpresentatie
• Aanmaak in beenmerg
Bloedplaatjes = TROMBOCYTEN
• klein, kleurloos,
kernloos celfragment
• aanmaak in rode beenmerg
uitgaande van megakaryocyten
• kunnen amoeboïde bewegingen
maken + aan elkaar kleven
• levensduurte: 7 – 10 d
• eindigen in een bloedklonter
anders afbraak door milt
• 150.000 tot 300.000 /mm3 (µl)
Soorten bloedcellen:
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