NUR 180 Exam 2 DTCC Questions And Answers
CVA
Cerebral Vascular Accident (aka stroke or "brain" attack)
Causes of CVA
-Ischemia (inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body)
-Hemorrhagic bleeding
Primary Risk Factors for CVA's
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, substance ab...
What is the diagnostic test used to determine a CVA?
CAT scan, MRI, Ultrasound Doppler, Cerebral Arteriography
What is a TIA?
Transient Ischemic Attack
which is a warning sign of an impending CVA; it lasts for less than 24 hrs
Thrombotic CVA
blood clot in the arteries leading to the brain, resulting in blocking of the vessel, common with ages
greater than 50, evolve over time
Embolic CVA
Traveling blood clot (piece) becomes lodged in a brain vessel, rapid symptom onset, common cause is
A. Fib.
Hemorrhagic CVA
-Intracranial hemorrage due to a ruptured blood vessel
-Occurs in older adults w/ poorly controlled HTN
-MOST FATAL TYPE
-Rapid onset of symptoms
signs and symptoms of CVA
-Depends on location and type
-Weakness, numbness, loss of vision, balance/speech difficulties
-Elimination disorders
-Pt. may be acting out of character
Early S & S of a Stroke
-Face drooping
-Arm Weakness
-Speech difficulty
Meds for CVA Prevention
Antiplatelet: to prvent clot formation and blood vessel occlusion (blockage)
, What is the most common heart disorder in the US? Clue: It is also the #1 killer.
CAD/CHD
What is CAD or CHD?
Coronary Atherosclerosis/ Arteriosclerosis
Artherosclerosis
The thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries; can obstruct blood flow to the myocardium
Pathology of Atherosclerosis
Stage 1: Fatty streak formation
Stage 2: Fibrous plaque formation
Stage 3: Stage of complications
A pt. is newly diagnosed with CAD. What are some goals that the nurse should set for this pt?
-Control BP, keep it <120/<80 mm Hg
-Hyperlipedemia: control cholesterol levels so as to control the fat
What is congestive heart failure?
a condition in which the heart's function as a pump is inadequate to meet the body's needs
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