EMC EXAM 2 2024 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale? - correct answer ✔✔ Reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person Eye opening
Verbal Response
Motor Response
Based on a maximal score of 15
What is the care for someone with altered mental status? - correct answer ✔✔ Initial assessment (ongoing)
airway open (provide oxygen)
Recovery position Conscious (loosen restrictive clothing, DO NOT GIVE ANY FOOD OR DRINK)
What is diabetes?
How many Americans affected?
___ leading cause of death in US Can lead to _____________ - correct answer ✔✔ Inability of body to change glucose from food to energy
23.6 million with 5 million unaware
7th
blindness, nerve damage, kidney disease, heart disease, stroke
What are the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes? - correct answer ✔✔ Type 1:
- body produces little to no insulin
- inject insulin daily - no cure
- cause unknown
Type 2:
- body does not make enough insulin or becomes resistant
- progressive
- linked to genetics and lifestyle
What three conditions are diabetes associated with? - correct answer ✔✔ Hyperglycemia: - too much blood sugar and too little insulin - excessive hunger and thirst, frequent urination, rapid,weak pulse, intoxicated appearance, blurred vision
- diabetic coma
Ketoacidosis:
- sweet fruity breath
- shortness of breath - nausea, vomiting, dry mouth
- life threatening
Hypoglycemia: - low blood sugar
- overdose of insulin
- rapid
- care: if conscious and able to swallow provide sugar
What are seizures and how are they caused? - correct answer ✔✔ Nervous system malfunction with abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Involuntary changes in body movement, function, sensation, awareness, behavior
caused by injury, disease, fever, infection, severe head trauma, CNS infections
What are the types and stages of seizures? - correct answer ✔✔ Grand mal (Generalized)
stages: * aura- sense of seizure
* tonic- unresponsive
* clonic- alternate muscle contraction, relaxation
* postictal- regains responsiveness
Epilepsy: chronic seizure condition usually controlled by medication S/S: - last 1-3 minutes, limb twitching, drooling, eyes rolled upward
Infants: rapid increase in body temperature What does the care for seizures involve? - correct answer ✔✔ Do not stop seizure, hold/ restrain victim
move nearby objects out of the way
do not place anything between victims teeth
put in recovery position Advanced help is seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, victim has repeated seizures, victim appears injured,
victim is pregnant/ diabetic, infant or child, fails to regain consciousness
What occurs during a stroke?
What does thrombus mean? embolism?
aneurysm?
___ leading cause of death in US
What does TIA stay for? - correct answer ✔✔ Cerebrovascular accident- Blood flow to a part of therein is
cut off * blood clot
* foreign body, clot moves to brain
* bleeding into the brain
4th
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale? - correct answer ✔✔ Reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person Eye opening
Verbal Response
Motor Response
Based on a maximal score of 15
What is the care for someone with altered mental status? - correct answer ✔✔ Initial assessment (ongoing)
airway open (provide oxygen)
Recovery position Conscious (loosen restrictive clothing, DO NOT GIVE ANY FOOD OR DRINK)
What is diabetes?
How many Americans affected?
___ leading cause of death in US Can lead to _____________ - correct answer ✔✔ Inability of body to change glucose from food to energy
23.6 million with 5 million unaware
7th
blindness, nerve damage, kidney disease, heart disease, stroke
What are the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes? - correct answer ✔✔ Type 1:
- body produces little to no insulin
- inject insulin daily - no cure
- cause unknown
Type 2:
- body does not make enough insulin or becomes resistant
- progressive
- linked to genetics and lifestyle
What three conditions are diabetes associated with? - correct answer ✔✔ Hyperglycemia: - too much blood sugar and too little insulin - excessive hunger and thirst, frequent urination, rapid,weak pulse, intoxicated appearance, blurred vision
- diabetic coma
Ketoacidosis:
- sweet fruity breath
- shortness of breath - nausea, vomiting, dry mouth
- life threatening
Hypoglycemia: - low blood sugar
- overdose of insulin
- rapid
- care: if conscious and able to swallow provide sugar
What are seizures and how are they caused? - correct answer ✔✔ Nervous system malfunction with abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Involuntary changes in body movement, function, sensation, awareness, behavior
caused by injury, disease, fever, infection, severe head trauma, CNS infections
What are the types and stages of seizures? - correct answer ✔✔ Grand mal (Generalized)
stages: * aura- sense of seizure
* tonic- unresponsive
* clonic- alternate muscle contraction, relaxation
* postictal- regains responsiveness
Epilepsy: chronic seizure condition usually controlled by medication S/S: - last 1-3 minutes, limb twitching, drooling, eyes rolled upward
Infants: rapid increase in body temperature What does the care for seizures involve? - correct answer ✔✔ Do not stop seizure, hold/ restrain victim
move nearby objects out of the way
do not place anything between victims teeth
put in recovery position Advanced help is seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, victim has repeated seizures, victim appears injured,
victim is pregnant/ diabetic, infant or child, fails to regain consciousness
What occurs during a stroke?
What does thrombus mean? embolism?
aneurysm?
___ leading cause of death in US
What does TIA stay for? - correct answer ✔✔ Cerebrovascular accident- Blood flow to a part of therein is
cut off * blood clot
* foreign body, clot moves to brain
* bleeding into the brain
4th
