APHY 102 Final Exam with correct Answers

APHY 102 Final Exam with correct Answers what regulates pituitary secretion? hypothalamus, other brain areas, and feedback from target organs What is a hormone? a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. How do hormones work? 1) They are molecular triggers that can only influence specific cells, called Target Cells. 2) They will either stimulate or inhibit a specific action. 3) They are released from ductless organs. 4) Travel slowly through bloodstream. What is glucagon? A hormone secreted by the pancreas when blood glucose is low. What is insulin? Insulin is a hormone which converts glucose into glycogen (when blood sugar levels are too high) How are pheromones different than hormones? Pheromones are a type of hormone that are released in small quantities and play a big role in physical attraction between people. How is inhibin used in the body? Inhibin is a hormone that occurs in both men and women. In women, the hormone is secreted in the ovaries, and acts to prevent the synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH actually stimulates the secretion of inhibin, so the latter hormone is part of a feedback mechanism to prevent an overabundance of FSH. Both males and females produce FSH and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and inhibin prevents this release in both genders. Promotes spermatogenesis in males. What is the paracrine gland? a secretion that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighboring cells what is the autocrine? Works on itself ex. thymosin and thymopoietin what is endocrine gland? Glands with NO ducts that secrete directly into the body. What is the exocrine gland? Glands that secrete products into ducts that open onto surfaces, such as the skin or the lining of the digestive tract