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Exam (elaborations) PH3251
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PH3251- MATERIAL SCIENCE
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REGULATION - 2021
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DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
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, PH3251 MATERIALS SCIENCE LTPC
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COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To make the students to understand the basics of crystallography and its importance in
studying materials properties.
To understand the electrical properties of materials including free electron theory,
applications of quantum mechanics and magnetic materials.
To instil knowledge on physics of semiconductors, determination of charge carriers and
deviceapplications
To establish a sound grasp of knowledge on different optical properties of materials,
optical displays and applications
To inculcate an idea of significance of nano structures, quantum confinement and ensuing
nano device applications.
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UNIT I CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 9
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Crystal structures: BCC, FCC and HCP – directions and planes - linear and planar densities –
crystal imperfections- edge and screw dislocations – grain and twin boundaries - Burgers vector
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and elastic strain energy- Slip systems, plastic deformation of materials - Polymorphism – phase
changes – nucleation and growth – homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation.
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UNIT II ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 9
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Classical free electron theory - Expression for electrical conductivity – Thermal conductivity,
expression - Quantum free electron theory :Tunneling – degenerate states – Fermi- Dirac
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statistics – Density of energy states – Electron in periodic potential – Energy bands in solids –
tight binding approximation - Electron effective mass – concept of hole. Magnetic materials:
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Dia, para and ferromagnetic effects – paramagnetism in the conduction electrons in metals –
exchange interaction and ferromagnetism – quantum interference devices – GMR devices.
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UNIT III SEMICONDUCTORS AND TRANSPORT PHYSICS 9
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Intrinsic Semiconductors – Energy band diagram – direct and indirect band gap semiconductors
– Carrier concentration in intrinsic semiconductors – extrinsic semiconductors - Carrier
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concentration in N-type & P-type semiconductors – Variation of carrier concentration with
temperature – Carrier transport in Semiconductors: Drift, mobility and diffusion – Hall effect and
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devices – Ohmic contacts – Schottky diode.
UNIT IV OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 9
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Classification of optical materials – Optical processes in semiconductors: optical absorption and
emission, charge injection and recombination, optical absorption, loss and gain. Optical
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processes in quantum wells – Optoelectronic devices: light detectors and solar cells – light
emitting diode – laser diode - optical processes in organic semiconductor devices –excitonic state
– Electro-optics and nonlinear optics: Modulators and switching devices – plasmonics.
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UNIT V NANOELECTRONIC DEVICES 9
Quantum confinement – Quantum structures – quantum wells, wires and dots – Zener-Bloch
oscillations – Resonant tunneling – quantum interference effects - mesoscopic structures - Single
electron phenomena – Single electron Transistor. Semiconductor photonic structures – 1D, 2D
and 3D photonic crystal. Active and passive optoelectronic devices – photo processes –
spintronics – carbon nanotubes: Properties and applications.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
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