ILTS History 246 Exam || All Correct.

General Political Theory (4 major purposes of a govt) correct answers -ensuring national security -providing public services -ensuring social order -making decisions regarding the economy 4 main theories regarding origin of the state correct answers -evolutionary (from family structure to govt structure) -by force -divine right -social contract (allowing yourself to be governed in return for protection) greek philosophers who believed scientifically organized order in political matters would create stable/just societies correct answers Aristotle and Plato Thomas Aquinas correct answers -individuals have certain rights and duties that dictate the extent of government rule -modern constitutionalism Niccolo Machiavelli correct answers -author of The Prince -politics based on power -father of modern political science Thomas Hobbes correct answers -author of Leviathan (1651) -life is a quest for power, state must work to control this urge -people are unable to live in harmony without the intervention of a powerful government John Locke correct answers -author of Two Treatises of Government (1689) -opposed Hobbes view -"tabula rasa" theory that people's experiences shape them, not innate intuition -men are independent and equal -ideas are in US constitution David Hume and Jeremy Bentham correct answers -politics should maintain the "greatest happiness for the greatest number" -skepticism, don't believe things until proof can be observed John Stuart Mill correct answers -british philosopher and economist -progressive policies Johann Fichte and Georg Hegal correct answers -german philosophers -liberalism grounded largely in socialism and in a sense of nationalism federalism and its two positions correct answers -power divided between national and state government